2
00:00:05,126 --> 00:00:07,959
(grandiose music)

4
00:00:28,962 --> 00:00:31,879
(reels screeching)

5
00:00:38,400 --> 00:00:41,070
- [Narrator] And God saw
that the wickedness of man

6
00:00:41,070 --> 00:00:42,437
was great in the earth.

7
00:00:42,437 --> 00:00:45,437
(soldiers grunting)

8
00:00:47,607 --> 00:00:50,524
(soldier shouting)

9
00:00:52,410 --> 00:00:55,380
And that every imagination
of the thoughts of his heart

10
00:00:55,380 --> 00:00:57,584
was only evil continually.

11
00:00:57,584 --> 00:01:00,584
(soldiers chanting)

12
00:01:03,840 --> 00:01:05,880
And God looked upon the earth,

13
00:01:05,880 --> 00:01:08,460
and behold, it was corrupt before God,

14
00:01:08,460 --> 00:01:10,830
and the earth was filled with violence.

15
00:01:10,830 --> 00:01:14,370
And it repented the Lord that
he had made man on the earth,

16
00:01:14,370 --> 00:01:16,530
and it grieved him at his heart.

17
00:01:16,530 --> 00:01:19,470
And the Lord said, "I will destroy man

18
00:01:19,470 --> 00:01:22,200
whom I have created from
the face of the earth,

19
00:01:22,200 --> 00:01:25,020
both man and beast,
and the creeping thing,

20
00:01:25,020 --> 00:01:26,670
and the fowls of the air;

21
00:01:26,670 --> 00:01:29,457
for it repenteth me
that I have made them."

22
00:01:32,430 --> 00:01:34,953
But Noah found grace in
the eyes of the Lord.

23
00:01:40,650 --> 00:01:44,340
And behold, I, even I, do
bring a flood of waters

24
00:01:44,340 --> 00:01:45,360
upon the earth

25
00:01:45,360 --> 00:01:49,110
to destroy all flesh wherein
is the breath of life

26
00:01:49,110 --> 00:01:50,460
from under heaven,

27
00:01:50,460 --> 00:01:55,460
and everything that is
in the earth shall die.

28
00:01:55,500 --> 00:01:58,230
I will cause it to rain
upon the earth 40 days

29
00:01:58,230 --> 00:01:59,403
and 40 nights.

30
00:02:01,680 --> 00:02:04,260
And every living
substance that I have made

31
00:02:04,260 --> 00:02:06,863
will I destroy from off
the face of the earth.

32
00:02:10,557 --> 00:02:13,257
And the fountains of
the great deep broken up

33
00:02:13,257 --> 00:02:16,121
and the windows of heaven were opened.

34
00:02:16,121 --> 00:02:19,191
(dramatic music)

35
00:02:19,191 --> 00:02:22,024
(ground rumbling)

36
00:02:24,837 --> 00:02:27,153
(ground exploding)

37
00:02:27,153 --> 00:02:29,903
(suspense music)

38
00:02:36,104 --> 00:02:38,854
(dramatic music)

39
00:03:49,948 --> 00:03:54,291
And the rain was upon the
earth 40 days and 40 nights.

40
00:03:54,291 --> 00:03:59,291
(dramatic choir music)
(rain pouring continuously)

41
00:04:13,014 --> 00:04:15,450
(rain pattering)

42
00:04:15,450 --> 00:04:18,210
And Noah went in, and
his sons, and his wife,

43
00:04:18,210 --> 00:04:20,130
and his son's wives with him,

44
00:04:20,130 --> 00:04:23,133
into the ark because of
the waters of the flood.

45
00:04:38,401 --> 00:04:41,234
(crowd screaming)

46
00:04:53,850 --> 00:04:58,530
And all flesh died that moved
upon the earth, both of fowl

47
00:04:58,530 --> 00:05:00,690
and of cattle and of beast,

48
00:05:00,690 --> 00:05:04,080
and of every creeping thing
that creepeth upon the earth,

49
00:05:04,080 --> 00:05:08,580
and every man, all in whose
nostrils was the breath of life

50
00:05:08,580 --> 00:05:11,703
of all that was in the dry land, died.

51
00:05:13,777 --> 00:05:18,777
(clock ticking)
(dramatic choir music)

52
00:05:22,774 --> 00:05:24,558
(clock ticking rapidly)

53
00:05:24,558 --> 00:05:27,808
(dramatic choir music)

54
00:05:55,740 --> 00:05:59,260
It's the story we were
all told in our childhood.

55
00:06:01,490 --> 00:06:05,583
Many say it is nothing more
than that, a children's fable.

56
00:06:06,660 --> 00:06:08,790
A fantasy to teach morals

57
00:06:08,790 --> 00:06:12,450
and strike the fear of God into children.

58
00:06:12,450 --> 00:06:15,780
A giant ark into which a
man gathered at least two

59
00:06:15,780 --> 00:06:18,248
of every animal from the earth.

60
00:06:18,248 --> 00:06:21,415
(heavy rain pounding)

61
00:06:28,740 --> 00:06:33,420
A worldwide flood, survived by
those few, and by few I mean

62
00:06:33,420 --> 00:06:37,920
at least 16,000 animals, and
only eight men and women.

63
00:06:37,920 --> 00:06:42,210
A wooden ship that size couldn't
possibly survive a flood

64
00:06:42,210 --> 00:06:43,950
of that enormity.

65
00:06:43,950 --> 00:06:46,893
Surely it is a preposterous story.

66
00:06:48,240 --> 00:06:50,433
That story comes from the Bible,

67
00:06:51,780 --> 00:06:54,660
which tells us that it
was mankind's wickedness

68
00:06:54,660 --> 00:06:58,500
that brought God's judgement
of a worldwide flood.

69
00:06:58,500 --> 00:07:01,530
Perhaps this judgement has
provoked the subconscious reaction

70
00:07:01,530 --> 00:07:05,730
of those who would mock and
ridicule the story of Noah

71
00:07:05,730 --> 00:07:09,810
and the flood as mere fiction.

72
00:07:09,810 --> 00:07:12,990
For ages, many people have
sought ways to discredit

73
00:07:12,990 --> 00:07:15,930
the story of the worldwide flood,

74
00:07:15,930 --> 00:07:19,590
yet even Jesus spoke of
the flood of Noah using it

75
00:07:19,590 --> 00:07:24,120
as an example, warning of
another great judgement to come.

76
00:07:24,120 --> 00:07:26,490
- Heaven and earth will pass away,

77
00:07:26,490 --> 00:07:30,030
but my words will by no means pass away.

78
00:07:30,030 --> 00:07:33,720
But of that day and hour no one knows,

79
00:07:33,720 --> 00:07:37,890
not even the angels of
heaven, but my Father only.

80
00:07:37,890 --> 00:07:40,530
But as the days of Noah are,

81
00:07:40,530 --> 00:07:43,530
so also will the coming
of the Son of Man be.

82
00:07:43,530 --> 00:07:46,230
For as in the days before the flood,

83
00:07:46,230 --> 00:07:48,330
they were eating and drinking,

84
00:07:48,330 --> 00:07:50,430
marrying and giving in marriage,

85
00:07:50,430 --> 00:07:52,437
until the day that Noah entered the ark.

86
00:07:52,437 --> 00:07:55,527
And it did not know until the flood came,

87
00:07:55,527 --> 00:07:57,810
and took them all away.

88
00:07:57,810 --> 00:08:01,170
So also will the coming
of the Son of Man be.

89
00:08:01,170 --> 00:08:03,120
Two men will be in the field;

90
00:08:03,120 --> 00:08:05,670
one will be taken, and the other left.

91
00:08:05,670 --> 00:08:08,190
Two women will be grinding at the mill;

92
00:08:08,190 --> 00:08:10,473
one will be taken, and the other left.

93
00:08:11,610 --> 00:08:13,080
Watch, therefore,

94
00:08:13,080 --> 00:08:16,023
for you do not know what
hour your Lord is coming.

95
00:08:17,940 --> 00:08:21,000
But know this, that if the
master of the house had known

96
00:08:21,000 --> 00:08:22,880
the hour and what the fiend would come,

97
00:08:22,880 --> 00:08:24,240
he would have watched,

98
00:08:24,240 --> 00:08:26,553
and not allowed his house
to be broken in two.

99
00:08:28,680 --> 00:08:31,110
Therefore you also be ready,

100
00:08:31,110 --> 00:08:32,970
for the Son of Man is coming at an hour

101
00:08:32,970 --> 00:08:34,713
that you do not expect.

102
00:08:37,140 --> 00:08:39,840
- [Narrator] Some have zealously
and ambitiously travelled

103
00:08:39,840 --> 00:08:43,200
the world in an attempt
to use scientific evidence

104
00:08:43,200 --> 00:08:44,910
to explain away what they thought

105
00:08:44,910 --> 00:08:47,643
was the evidence left
behind by Noah's flood.

106
00:08:48,480 --> 00:08:50,670
What ulterior motives did these people

107
00:08:50,670 --> 00:08:52,380
have to do such a thing?

108
00:08:52,380 --> 00:08:56,370
Did their ulterior motives
taint their scientific analysis?

109
00:08:56,370 --> 00:08:58,380
Was their attempt at science nothing more

110
00:08:58,380 --> 00:09:02,040
than a subtle attack
against Christ himself?

111
00:09:02,040 --> 00:09:05,400
To answer these and a
great many more questions,

112
00:09:05,400 --> 00:09:10,400
we are going to look at history,
archaeology, and geology.

113
00:09:10,620 --> 00:09:12,540
We are going to use modern day science

114
00:09:12,540 --> 00:09:15,407
to unravel the Noah flood.

115
00:09:15,407 --> 00:09:18,157
(dramatic music)

116
00:09:21,178 --> 00:09:24,845
(dramatic orchestral music)

117
00:11:30,944 --> 00:11:33,694
(dramatic music)

118
00:11:41,340 --> 00:11:45,930
- As with many mysteries,
our investigation begins

119
00:11:45,930 --> 00:11:50,673
in a most unexpected place,
and a most unexpected way.

120
00:11:51,570 --> 00:11:54,450
We are going to wander down many seemingly

121
00:11:54,450 --> 00:11:56,970
unrelated rabbit trails.

122
00:11:56,970 --> 00:12:00,330
Surprisingly, all these
rabbit trails eventually come

123
00:12:00,330 --> 00:12:03,150
to the same junction in the road,

124
00:12:03,150 --> 00:12:07,230
one of the most significant
events in earth's history,

125
00:12:07,230 --> 00:12:09,573
the worldwide flood of Noah.

126
00:12:10,890 --> 00:12:12,810
Pretty much since the
beginning of history,

127
00:12:12,810 --> 00:12:15,120
people have believed in the story of Noah

128
00:12:15,120 --> 00:12:17,790
and the great worldwide flood.

129
00:12:17,790 --> 00:12:20,850
In fact, that story is
found in cultures literally,

130
00:12:20,850 --> 00:12:22,713
all around the world.

131
00:12:23,670 --> 00:12:26,550
Even the founding fathers of the sciences,

132
00:12:26,550 --> 00:12:29,790
and in particular the sciences of geology,

133
00:12:29,790 --> 00:12:34,203
all believed Noah's flood
as literal history, a fact.

134
00:12:35,280 --> 00:12:37,920
Almost all of the founding
fathers of the sciences

135
00:12:37,920 --> 00:12:41,970
were very religious,
Bible-believing individuals.

136
00:12:41,970 --> 00:12:43,770
But for some of those people,

137
00:12:43,770 --> 00:12:48,720
the scientific evidence
caused them a crisis of faith.

138
00:12:48,720 --> 00:12:51,900
- Nicolaus Steno was a Danish fellow,

139
00:12:51,900 --> 00:12:56,220
born in the early 1600s,
and he was very bright.

140
00:12:56,220 --> 00:12:58,590
In fact, as a young man, even in his 20s,

141
00:12:58,590 --> 00:13:03,450
he became the official anatomist
to the King of Denmark.

142
00:13:03,450 --> 00:13:07,260
The intellectual centre
of Europe was in Florence.

143
00:13:07,260 --> 00:13:11,220
There was what we would call
a research centre in Florence

144
00:13:11,220 --> 00:13:13,800
in those days, and all the best scientists

145
00:13:13,800 --> 00:13:16,050
of Europe went there to do their research.

146
00:13:16,050 --> 00:13:19,350
So he would hobnob with
the brightest people.

147
00:13:19,350 --> 00:13:21,270
One of the things that intrigued him,

148
00:13:21,270 --> 00:13:22,770
apart from all his studies,

149
00:13:22,770 --> 00:13:25,170
and we have to remember that at that time,

150
00:13:25,170 --> 00:13:28,050
science wasn't divided
up neatly as it is today

151
00:13:28,050 --> 00:13:31,380
into anatomy and physics,

152
00:13:31,380 --> 00:13:36,115
and in walking around the
mountains around Florence,

153
00:13:36,115 --> 00:13:37,770
down the middle of Italy,

154
00:13:37,770 --> 00:13:40,410
there was a chain of mountains
known as the Apennine Chain.

155
00:13:40,410 --> 00:13:43,890
He could go and explore those with a horse

156
00:13:43,890 --> 00:13:45,000
in his spare time,

157
00:13:45,000 --> 00:13:47,670
and he noticed that in the
rocks on those mountains,

158
00:13:47,670 --> 00:13:49,920
there were fossils.

159
00:13:49,920 --> 00:13:52,740
And the fossils would
seem to lie horizontally

160
00:13:52,740 --> 00:13:55,650
and they would be in different
layers and different places.

161
00:13:55,650 --> 00:13:59,326
And we would recognise that
and call it stratigraphy today.

162
00:13:59,326 --> 00:14:02,460
He liked what he saw
about the Roman Catholics.

163
00:14:02,460 --> 00:14:05,010
He became a fervent Roman Catholic.

164
00:14:05,010 --> 00:14:06,870
And in fact, the Roman Catholic church

165
00:14:06,870 --> 00:14:09,390
eventually made him a Bishop.

166
00:14:09,390 --> 00:14:12,780
He wrote, it was a pamphlet,
a publication actually,

167
00:14:12,780 --> 00:14:14,490
called "The Prodromus."

168
00:14:14,490 --> 00:14:16,470
Now things were written
in Latin for publication

169
00:14:16,470 --> 00:14:20,220
in those days, and so,
this prodromus explained

170
00:14:20,220 --> 00:14:24,537
how the rocks contained the
fossils, they were in layers,

171
00:14:24,537 --> 00:14:27,813
and those layers were laid
down during the flood.

172
00:14:28,710 --> 00:14:31,290
Oh, well, and you look around,

173
00:14:31,290 --> 00:14:33,597
you find out that those fossils

174
00:14:33,597 --> 00:14:35,770
and that order are sometimes repeated

175
00:14:36,690 --> 00:14:39,660
and it occurred to him, well
perhaps that Genesis flood

176
00:14:39,660 --> 00:14:42,110
which he believed in
because it was in the Bible,

177
00:14:42,960 --> 00:14:45,240
maybe that flood, there
were a number of floods

178
00:14:45,240 --> 00:14:48,720
throughout history that are
not recorded beforehand.

179
00:14:48,720 --> 00:14:51,570
Perhaps hundreds of years beforehand

180
00:14:51,570 --> 00:14:53,220
and they're repeated again.

181
00:14:53,220 --> 00:14:57,420
Well, little by little, this
then expanded the time frame

182
00:14:57,420 --> 00:15:00,210
of the past from a few thousand

183
00:15:00,210 --> 00:15:02,490
where there was only one flood in the past

184
00:15:02,490 --> 00:15:04,530
and that was the Genesis flood described

185
00:15:04,530 --> 00:15:07,983
in the book of Genesis to
multiple numbers of flood.

186
00:15:08,820 --> 00:15:10,800
Now today, this is all accepted of course,

187
00:15:10,800 --> 00:15:13,230
because it's the foundation for the theory

188
00:15:13,230 --> 00:15:17,640
of evolution, which
demands vast spans of time.

189
00:15:17,640 --> 00:15:20,040
Shortly later, it was in the late 1600s

190
00:15:20,040 --> 00:15:23,850
when Hutton was born, he was a Scotsman,

191
00:15:23,850 --> 00:15:27,330
and he was walking along the
east coast of Scotland one day,

192
00:15:27,330 --> 00:15:31,530
and the fossils in those rocks
didn't line up in the order

193
00:15:31,530 --> 00:15:35,070
that would be expected if
you accepted evolution.

194
00:15:35,070 --> 00:15:37,890
Now evolution, as I say,
this was in the late 1600s,

195
00:15:37,890 --> 00:15:39,480
that wasn't accepted at the time,

196
00:15:39,480 --> 00:15:41,970
it wasn't even known
or spoken about at all.

197
00:15:41,970 --> 00:15:44,667
Everybody still spoke
about the Genesis flood

198
00:15:44,667 --> 00:15:47,310
and they believed in the
scriptures and so on.

199
00:15:47,310 --> 00:15:50,010
But little by little, the
foundations for the belief

200
00:15:50,010 --> 00:15:51,990
in the theory of evolution was being laid.

201
00:15:51,990 --> 00:15:55,680
And James Hutton laid a vital part of it

202
00:15:55,680 --> 00:15:57,390
right there at Siccar Point.

203
00:15:57,390 --> 00:15:58,330
When he noticed two layers of rock,

204
00:15:58,330 --> 00:16:03,330
which were evidently
out of sequence somehow.

205
00:16:03,480 --> 00:16:06,240
Well, as we know, there is only one flood.

206
00:16:06,240 --> 00:16:07,650
What happened there?

207
00:16:07,650 --> 00:16:11,820
Well, the deposition of sediments in water

208
00:16:11,820 --> 00:16:15,030
can be nicely explained
by, everybody knows this,

209
00:16:15,030 --> 00:16:17,310
as Galileo's thermoscope,

210
00:16:17,310 --> 00:16:18,540
that's what it was formerly called,

211
00:16:18,540 --> 00:16:20,430
it's now Galileo's thermometer.

212
00:16:20,430 --> 00:16:22,740
And it's a glass tube which is sealed

213
00:16:22,740 --> 00:16:25,260
and contains nothing more than water,

214
00:16:25,260 --> 00:16:28,770
in which there are suspended
these little glass bubbles.

215
00:16:28,770 --> 00:16:31,260
They are different colours,
and on the bottom of each one

216
00:16:31,260 --> 00:16:34,890
it's got a temperature on a little tag.

217
00:16:34,890 --> 00:16:37,500
When the water gets
warmer, as it would do,

218
00:16:37,500 --> 00:16:40,830
we use this to tell the
temperature of the air in the room.

219
00:16:40,830 --> 00:16:43,710
So, the temperature of
the current in this room

220
00:16:43,710 --> 00:16:45,780
is in between that one and this one.

221
00:16:45,780 --> 00:16:48,420
It's got temperatures indicated
on a little tag there.

222
00:16:48,420 --> 00:16:51,180
I think it says 24 on that
one and 22 on this one.

223
00:16:51,180 --> 00:16:54,690
So the temperature is now
about 21 in the middle.

224
00:16:54,690 --> 00:16:56,520
That's centigrade, degrees centigrade.

225
00:16:56,520 --> 00:17:01,440
So, the buoyancy of these
little things changes,

226
00:17:01,440 --> 00:17:03,210
or at least remains
constant, I should say.

227
00:17:03,210 --> 00:17:08,210
Let me start the water buoyancy
changes with temperature.

228
00:17:08,820 --> 00:17:11,607
So, if it gets hot, the
hot water goes to the top

229
00:17:11,607 --> 00:17:13,590
and the cold water remains at the bottom

230
00:17:13,590 --> 00:17:15,690
and so it would do in the ocean too.

231
00:17:15,690 --> 00:17:18,540
If there was a volcano
going off under the ocean,

232
00:17:18,540 --> 00:17:22,020
then all that hot liquid would come out.

233
00:17:22,020 --> 00:17:23,700
It would heat the water, it would boil,

234
00:17:23,700 --> 00:17:27,280
hot water would go to the
top and hot water can expand

235
00:17:28,500 --> 00:17:30,090
and it does in the little glass tube

236
00:17:30,090 --> 00:17:32,490
because there's air above it here.

237
00:17:32,490 --> 00:17:35,760
The hot water expands and
it becomes less buoyant

238
00:17:35,760 --> 00:17:37,950
and so, these little bubbles

239
00:17:37,950 --> 00:17:40,830
that are now at the
bottom can rise to the top

240
00:17:40,830 --> 00:17:44,490
because their buoyancy
or density remains fixed.

241
00:17:44,490 --> 00:17:47,460
They are made of glass, they're fixed

242
00:17:47,460 --> 00:17:50,550
and they have a specific weight and size.

243
00:17:50,550 --> 00:17:52,350
So, in this room at the moment,

244
00:17:52,350 --> 00:17:54,600
the temperature is between
that one that floats

245
00:17:54,600 --> 00:17:57,090
like the hot water in
the room or the hot air,

246
00:17:57,090 --> 00:18:00,480
it's the same, and this one,
and these that are sinking

247
00:18:00,480 --> 00:18:02,820
because they're heavier than the water.

248
00:18:02,820 --> 00:18:04,680
So that's how you tell the temperature

249
00:18:04,680 --> 00:18:06,810
in Galileo's thermometer.

250
00:18:06,810 --> 00:18:09,420
And it describes and it shows

251
00:18:09,420 --> 00:18:12,090
this is exactly what was happening
during the Genesis flood.

252
00:18:12,090 --> 00:18:14,970
The heavier particles
were sink to the bottom.

253
00:18:14,970 --> 00:18:18,510
And remember, if that flood
water was say a mile deep,

254
00:18:18,510 --> 00:18:20,100
we don't know how big it was,

255
00:18:20,100 --> 00:18:22,167
but it covered the
mountain tops evidently,

256
00:18:22,167 --> 00:18:25,500
and that would have been
a mile, if it did that,

257
00:18:25,500 --> 00:18:28,380
it would take some time
for the solids suspended

258
00:18:28,380 --> 00:18:32,070
in the water to gradually
sink down to the bottom.

259
00:18:32,070 --> 00:18:33,420
So you can appreciate

260
00:18:33,420 --> 00:18:36,150
that there would be a
certain specific order

261
00:18:36,150 --> 00:18:39,300
to the ways in which those
sediments have settled out.

262
00:18:39,300 --> 00:18:42,630
The heavier ones at the bottom
and the lighter ones on top,

263
00:18:42,630 --> 00:18:44,550
which is exactly how we find them.

264
00:18:44,550 --> 00:18:47,370
Those heavy minerals are
usually found on the bottom

265
00:18:47,370 --> 00:18:49,200
of the stratigraphic column

266
00:18:49,200 --> 00:18:51,513
and the lighter ones
are found near the top.

267
00:18:52,620 --> 00:18:54,180
- The principles of stratigraphy

268
00:18:54,180 --> 00:18:56,523
that Steno developed
are still in use today.

269
00:18:57,390 --> 00:19:00,030
These rock layers are called strata,

270
00:19:00,030 --> 00:19:03,120
which is where we get
the word stratigraphy.

271
00:19:03,120 --> 00:19:06,060
It is literally the study of rock layers.

272
00:19:06,060 --> 00:19:09,360
Now Steno made several
proposals about the strata

273
00:19:09,360 --> 00:19:11,520
which are still accepted today,

274
00:19:11,520 --> 00:19:15,150
such as original horizontality.

275
00:19:15,150 --> 00:19:16,770
All of these rock layers you see

276
00:19:16,770 --> 00:19:20,580
were originally laid
down horizontally, flat.

277
00:19:20,580 --> 00:19:24,660
They were later on buckled and
tilted to what they are now.

278
00:19:24,660 --> 00:19:28,290
Steno also proposed the
principle of superposition.

279
00:19:28,290 --> 00:19:30,840
This rock layer was
obviously laid down first

280
00:19:30,840 --> 00:19:32,040
because it had to be there

281
00:19:32,040 --> 00:19:36,240
before the next layer could
be laid on top of it, right?

282
00:19:36,240 --> 00:19:38,490
And so, we logically deduce

283
00:19:38,490 --> 00:19:41,370
that the farther you go
down in the rock layers,

284
00:19:41,370 --> 00:19:45,000
the older the rock layers get, right?

285
00:19:45,000 --> 00:19:46,500
Looking around the world,

286
00:19:46,500 --> 00:19:50,880
Hutton argued that the waves
of the sea erode the cliffs

287
00:19:50,880 --> 00:19:52,050
and beaches.

288
00:19:52,050 --> 00:19:57,050
The wind, rain and frost breaks
up and pulverises the rocks.

289
00:19:57,480 --> 00:19:59,940
Given enough time, entire mountains

290
00:19:59,940 --> 00:20:02,310
could be eroded away like this.

291
00:20:02,310 --> 00:20:06,270
Throughout his 1795 book,
"Theory of the Earth,"

292
00:20:06,270 --> 00:20:09,960
Hutton repeatedly pointed
to present day processes

293
00:20:09,960 --> 00:20:13,470
in an apparent attempt to
avoid supernatural events

294
00:20:13,470 --> 00:20:16,290
in earth's past, in particular,

295
00:20:16,290 --> 00:20:20,490
the supernatural event of
Noah's worldwide flood.

296
00:20:20,490 --> 00:20:22,530
Now, Hutton did not come
to these conclusions

297
00:20:22,530 --> 00:20:25,800
by scientific deduction or observation,

298
00:20:25,800 --> 00:20:29,340
but rather in a pseudo-scientific fashion.

299
00:20:29,340 --> 00:20:33,240
He was personally disturbed
by what he read in the Bible,

300
00:20:33,240 --> 00:20:36,540
and wanted to explain away the evidence

301
00:20:36,540 --> 00:20:40,323
that was perceived to be
in support of Noah's flood,

302
00:20:41,430 --> 00:20:44,403
evidence of a story that
personally disturbed him.

303
00:20:45,450 --> 00:20:47,640
Hutton's writings were so specific

304
00:20:47,640 --> 00:20:50,100
that he was later labelled an atheist

305
00:20:50,100 --> 00:20:52,650
by the Royal Irish Academy,

306
00:20:52,650 --> 00:20:55,440
an accusation which upset him so much,

307
00:20:55,440 --> 00:20:57,930
he became physically ill.

308
00:20:57,930 --> 00:21:00,333
He died just two years after this.

309
00:21:01,200 --> 00:21:03,120
- [Narrator] Hutton's writings influenced

310
00:21:03,120 --> 00:21:05,943
a young lawyer by the
name of Charles Lyell.

311
00:21:06,900 --> 00:21:09,003
Lyell had a passion for geology.

312
00:21:10,410 --> 00:21:13,500
He also had a secret disdain
for the history according

313
00:21:13,500 --> 00:21:18,093
to the Bible, and in
particular, Noah's flood.

314
00:21:19,540 --> 00:21:21,690
Lyell quite possibly gained this disdain

315
00:21:21,690 --> 00:21:23,760
from reading Hutton's writings

316
00:21:23,760 --> 00:21:28,233
and hearing about the resulting
persecution of Hutton.

317
00:21:31,050 --> 00:21:34,020
- Throughout the ages there
had been endless attacks

318
00:21:34,020 --> 00:21:35,670
against the Bible.

319
00:21:35,670 --> 00:21:38,190
Some tried to ban the Bible outright.

320
00:21:38,190 --> 00:21:39,810
Some tried to burn it.

321
00:21:39,810 --> 00:21:43,620
Some ruthless individuals
even used imprisonment

322
00:21:43,620 --> 00:21:47,160
and mass killing against
all those who would dare

323
00:21:47,160 --> 00:21:48,663
to read and believe the Bible.

324
00:21:50,220 --> 00:21:54,213
These attempts to rid the
world of the Bible failed.

325
00:21:55,050 --> 00:21:57,690
In fact, all these tactics backfired

326
00:21:57,690 --> 00:22:01,023
and only increased the
demand for the Bible.

327
00:22:02,910 --> 00:22:05,823
Yet, Lyell did something no
one had ever done before.

328
00:22:06,660 --> 00:22:10,740
He devised a systematic and
carefully plotted attack

329
00:22:10,740 --> 00:22:11,763
against the Bible.

330
00:22:12,810 --> 00:22:15,990
His brilliant plan was, without question,

331
00:22:15,990 --> 00:22:18,810
the most effective attack ever launched

332
00:22:18,810 --> 00:22:20,163
against the Holy Book.

333
00:22:21,810 --> 00:22:22,983
What did Lyell do?

334
00:22:30,450 --> 00:22:31,443
He threw rocks!

335
00:22:35,940 --> 00:22:38,370
In a personal letter to
George Scrope in 1830,

336
00:22:39,905 --> 00:22:43,200
Lyell revealed his secret intentions.

337
00:22:43,200 --> 00:22:44,033
He wrote,

338
00:22:47,760 --> 00:22:51,240
- I conceived the idea
five or six years ago

339
00:22:51,240 --> 00:22:53,910
that if ever the mosaic
geology could be set down

340
00:22:53,910 --> 00:22:58,653
without giving offence, it would
be in an historical sketch.

341
00:22:59,670 --> 00:23:01,470
- Let me translate the old English for you

342
00:23:01,470 --> 00:23:04,890
so you may fully grasp what Lyell said.

343
00:23:04,890 --> 00:23:07,620
He was saying, "I came
up with the idea five

344
00:23:07,620 --> 00:23:10,770
or six years ago that if
ever the geology according

345
00:23:10,770 --> 00:23:14,550
to Moses, the Bible, could be discredited

346
00:23:14,550 --> 00:23:16,380
without offending its believers,

347
00:23:16,380 --> 00:23:19,707
I would do it by making
up my own history."

348
00:23:20,610 --> 00:23:21,780
Did you catch that?

349
00:23:21,780 --> 00:23:26,130
Lyell took the ideas of James
Hutton and ran with them.

350
00:23:26,130 --> 00:23:30,063
A new history.

351
00:23:35,023 --> 00:23:35,856
A history of the earth

352
00:23:35,856 --> 00:23:39,390
which did not involve any of
this worldwide flood nonsense

353
00:23:39,390 --> 00:23:41,670
that Moses wrote about in the Bible,

354
00:23:41,670 --> 00:23:45,780
but rather a new history
involving deep time.

355
00:23:45,780 --> 00:23:47,400
Who knows how much time?

356
00:23:47,400 --> 00:23:50,220
Millions, perhaps billions of years.

357
00:23:50,220 --> 00:23:52,503
- We must free the science from Moses.

358
00:23:53,730 --> 00:23:57,570
In fact, I'm the spiritual
saviour of geology.

359
00:23:57,570 --> 00:24:01,350
Freeing the science from the
old dispensation of Moses.

360
00:24:01,350 --> 00:24:04,980
Remember, you must never
attack your opponent head on.

361
00:24:04,980 --> 00:24:08,610
That only draws attention
to him and his testimony.

362
00:24:08,610 --> 00:24:11,250
To truly convince your intended audience,

363
00:24:11,250 --> 00:24:13,680
you must completely ignore
your opponent's argument

364
00:24:13,680 --> 00:24:14,700
and compose your own story

365
00:24:14,700 --> 00:24:16,863
with which to explain away his evidence.

366
00:24:18,120 --> 00:24:20,370
You then focus on telling your story

367
00:24:20,370 --> 00:24:22,530
and telling it very well.

368
00:24:22,530 --> 00:24:24,870
Convincing your jury your story

369
00:24:24,870 --> 00:24:27,183
is the one which best
explains the evidence.

370
00:24:28,380 --> 00:24:31,410
- Lyell conceived of the idea
that he would sway the public

371
00:24:31,410 --> 00:24:35,760
with his new history, replacing
that inconvenient story

372
00:24:35,760 --> 00:24:39,573
of Noah's flood with his own story.

373
00:24:40,590 --> 00:24:43,350
He even formulated a
phrase which summed up

374
00:24:43,350 --> 00:24:46,953
and fulfilled his tactic
in one catchy saying.

375
00:24:47,880 --> 00:24:50,250
- And what is that evidence?

376
00:24:50,250 --> 00:24:54,513
Simply this, the present
is the key to the past.

377
00:24:55,590 --> 00:24:57,090
You see what I did?

378
00:24:57,090 --> 00:25:00,270
I just ruled out a global flood
without ever mentioning it,

379
00:25:00,270 --> 00:25:03,360
and replaced it with my own history.

380
00:25:03,360 --> 00:25:07,050
An history that allows
only present-day processes,

381
00:25:07,050 --> 00:25:09,540
no worldwide catastrophes.

382
00:25:09,540 --> 00:25:12,330
- Now, this was a good lawyer's tactic,

383
00:25:12,330 --> 00:25:14,310
but it was not good science.

384
00:25:14,310 --> 00:25:16,740
In fact, it was anti-science.

385
00:25:16,740 --> 00:25:19,410
True science studies the evidence,

386
00:25:19,410 --> 00:25:22,770
develops a hypothesis, and
then tests the hypothesis

387
00:25:22,770 --> 00:25:26,160
to see if the hypothesis
is correct or not.

388
00:25:26,160 --> 00:25:29,190
Lyell simply removed
proper scientific procedure

389
00:25:29,190 --> 00:25:30,570
and investigation,

390
00:25:30,570 --> 00:25:33,510
and then by using
pseudoscientific methods,

391
00:25:33,510 --> 00:25:38,510
replaced it with his own
predetermined new history.

392
00:25:38,700 --> 00:25:41,400
- I merely removed
possibilities from the outcome

393
00:25:41,400 --> 00:25:44,313
of the investigation before
the investigation began.

394
00:25:45,450 --> 00:25:48,450
I spent considerable time as
well, travelling the world,

395
00:25:48,450 --> 00:25:49,890
searching for new evidence

396
00:25:49,890 --> 00:25:52,833
with which should convince
the public of my new history.

397
00:25:53,880 --> 00:25:57,090
One of those places I
visited was Niagara Falls.

398
00:25:57,090 --> 00:26:00,480
- The birthplace of the Niagara Falls.

399
00:26:00,480 --> 00:26:03,000
It was here that the
Niagara River poured over

400
00:26:03,000 --> 00:26:05,910
the escarpment and began to cut the gorge.

401
00:26:05,910 --> 00:26:08,760
As you can see, the water
pouring over the falls erodes

402
00:26:08,760 --> 00:26:11,250
a cave in behind the falls.

403
00:26:11,250 --> 00:26:14,130
Eventually the roof of this
cave collapses and the falls

404
00:26:14,130 --> 00:26:16,260
move back a few feet.

405
00:26:16,260 --> 00:26:19,050
The water begins to erode a
new cave in behind the falls,

406
00:26:19,050 --> 00:26:19,953
and so on.

407
00:26:21,030 --> 00:26:25,320
It is this process that
cut the 10 kilometre gorge.

408
00:26:25,320 --> 00:26:27,780
The gears in Lyell's head
must have been turning

409
00:26:27,780 --> 00:26:31,470
when he saw the falls and
the gorge they were carving.

410
00:26:31,470 --> 00:26:33,660
Here was the perfect opportunity to show

411
00:26:33,660 --> 00:26:36,060
a slow, geological process

412
00:26:36,060 --> 00:26:38,610
that took a very long period of time,

413
00:26:38,610 --> 00:26:41,940
an excellent example of
a present day process

414
00:26:41,940 --> 00:26:43,530
that could be measured.

415
00:26:43,530 --> 00:26:47,220
The erosion rates of the Niagara Gorge.

416
00:26:47,220 --> 00:26:49,710
So, did he study the recession rates

417
00:26:49,710 --> 00:26:51,570
in the name of good science?

418
00:26:51,570 --> 00:26:55,440
No, instead he asked the
son of a local geologist

419
00:26:55,440 --> 00:26:58,650
how fast the gorge was being eroded.

420
00:26:58,650 --> 00:26:59,730
He estimated the gorge

421
00:26:59,730 --> 00:27:03,210
was being cut at about
0.3 feet per year or so.

422
00:27:03,210 --> 00:27:06,600
So, did Lyell make his estimates
on the age of the gorge

423
00:27:06,600 --> 00:27:09,780
based on this man's ballpark estimate?

424
00:27:09,780 --> 00:27:10,770
Nope.

425
00:27:10,770 --> 00:27:14,100
He went on the assumption that
the local was exaggerating,

426
00:27:14,100 --> 00:27:17,940
and used an erosion
rate of 1-foot per year.

427
00:27:17,940 --> 00:27:20,850
Using this wild guess, it was easy math.

428
00:27:20,850 --> 00:27:23,490
In keeping true to his
ambitions and tactics,

429
00:27:23,490 --> 00:27:26,970
Lyell penned his now famous
book "Principles of Geology."

430
00:27:26,970 --> 00:27:29,670
He continually hammered
home that the present

431
00:27:29,670 --> 00:27:32,580
is the key to the past,
and in that book he argued

432
00:27:32,580 --> 00:27:36,060
that the Niagara Gorge
was 35,000 feet long,

433
00:27:36,060 --> 00:27:39,480
it had been eroding at
1-foot per year, therefore,

434
00:27:39,480 --> 00:27:42,180
the gorge must be 35,000 years old

435
00:27:42,180 --> 00:27:46,530
and the earth could not
possibly be 6,000 years old.

436
00:27:46,530 --> 00:27:49,140
- [Narrator] Everyone who
read Lyell's book knew

437
00:27:49,140 --> 00:27:50,580
what he had just done,

438
00:27:50,580 --> 00:27:53,760
because everyone in his day
knew that the Bible said

439
00:27:53,760 --> 00:27:56,823
the earth was only 6,000 years old.

440
00:27:58,110 --> 00:28:00,530
Without ever mentioning the Bible, Moses,

441
00:28:00,530 --> 00:28:02,130
or the flood of Noah,

442
00:28:02,130 --> 00:28:05,697
Lyell just refuted it all with "science."

443
00:28:06,570 --> 00:28:09,510
Countless numbers of people
who read Lyell's book

444
00:28:09,510 --> 00:28:12,873
were convinced that the Bible was fiction.

445
00:28:13,830 --> 00:28:16,590
One of those people was a young man,

446
00:28:16,590 --> 00:28:18,870
a theologian with an interest in science

447
00:28:18,870 --> 00:28:20,820
who was travelling around the world

448
00:28:20,820 --> 00:28:22,950
on a ship called the Beagle.

449
00:28:22,950 --> 00:28:25,500
His name was Charles Darwin.

450
00:28:25,500 --> 00:28:28,560
- Long after the publication
of Lyell's infamous book,

451
00:28:28,560 --> 00:28:31,830
real science was conducted
and the erosion rate

452
00:28:31,830 --> 00:28:34,830
of Niagara Gorge was actually measured.

453
00:28:34,830 --> 00:28:37,770
It turns out that the
locals' estimate was wrong.

454
00:28:37,770 --> 00:28:39,660
But in the wrong direction.

455
00:28:39,660 --> 00:28:41,550
The falls were actually
eroding at an average

456
00:28:41,550 --> 00:28:43,863
of 5 to 6 feet per year.

457
00:28:44,820 --> 00:28:47,580
Using legal arguing
tactics and catchy phrases

458
00:28:47,580 --> 00:28:52,020
instead of actual science, Lyell
convinced countless numbers

459
00:28:52,020 --> 00:28:54,600
that the Bible was fiction.

460
00:28:54,600 --> 00:28:58,500
The reality was that
Lyell's book was fiction.

461
00:28:58,500 --> 00:29:01,500
Had Lyell actually conducted
a proper scientific research

462
00:29:01,500 --> 00:29:03,030
and reported the truth?

463
00:29:03,030 --> 00:29:04,770
The erosion rates of the Niagara Gorge

464
00:29:04,770 --> 00:29:06,930
would have been viewed
as supporting the history

465
00:29:06,930 --> 00:29:08,913
of the earth according to the Bible.

466
00:29:09,840 --> 00:29:12,900
- [Narrator] Remembering that
the original founding founders

467
00:29:12,900 --> 00:29:16,320
of geology considered the
rock layers we see around

468
00:29:16,320 --> 00:29:19,053
the world as evidence of Noah's flood.

469
00:29:20,880 --> 00:29:24,390
Lyell had the rocks
squarely in his crosshairs.

470
00:29:24,390 --> 00:29:28,380
His mantra, "the present
is the key to the past

471
00:29:28,380 --> 00:29:31,050
must be the only mantra permitted."

472
00:29:31,050 --> 00:29:34,680
- He attempted to explain the
rock layers around the world

473
00:29:34,680 --> 00:29:37,020
using Hutton's ideas.

474
00:29:37,020 --> 00:29:40,740
These layers weren't formed
by a worldwide flood,

475
00:29:40,740 --> 00:29:43,620
but rather by a countless number of times

476
00:29:43,620 --> 00:29:48,060
that the seas happened
to sweep over the land.

477
00:29:48,060 --> 00:29:51,660
Of course, the seas rarely
transgress onto the land.

478
00:29:51,660 --> 00:29:56,580
So if one transgression
produces one layer,

479
00:29:56,580 --> 00:29:59,460
then the rock layers
really add up to many,

480
00:29:59,460 --> 00:30:03,663
many thousands, perhaps millions of years.

481
00:30:04,500 --> 00:30:05,760
So then Lyell visits

482
00:30:05,760 --> 00:30:09,090
the fossil cliffs of Joggins, Nova Scotia

483
00:30:09,090 --> 00:30:13,500
and encounters the numerous
polystrate fossil trees

484
00:30:13,500 --> 00:30:15,663
scattered throughout the cliffs.

485
00:30:17,220 --> 00:30:20,100
Polystrate is a term for
fossils that cut through

486
00:30:20,100 --> 00:30:22,740
more than one layer of rock.

487
00:30:22,740 --> 00:30:23,820
Poly for many,

488
00:30:23,820 --> 00:30:27,630
strate for the strata of
rock they cut through.

489
00:30:27,630 --> 00:30:30,810
In the case of the polystrate
trees here at Joggins,

490
00:30:30,810 --> 00:30:33,270
they're actually not trees,

491
00:30:33,270 --> 00:30:36,303
but giant hollow reeds known as lycopods.

492
00:30:37,320 --> 00:30:40,800
The numerous polystrate fossils

493
00:30:40,800 --> 00:30:44,040
would certainly seem to
cause a problem for the idea

494
00:30:44,040 --> 00:30:48,573
that the layers happen over
many, many years, wouldn't they?

495
00:30:49,440 --> 00:30:52,140
After all, the top of the plant
is not going to stick around

496
00:30:52,140 --> 00:30:57,140
for even tens of years while
the trunk slowly gets buried,

497
00:30:57,180 --> 00:31:00,690
let alone thousands or millions of years.

498
00:31:00,690 --> 00:31:03,900
But Lyell was not about to give up yet.

499
00:31:03,900 --> 00:31:05,730
He put his creativity to work again

500
00:31:05,730 --> 00:31:10,143
to create another facet
of his new history.

501
00:31:11,550 --> 00:31:14,130
Lyell concocted the story that these trees

502
00:31:14,130 --> 00:31:16,140
were buried right where they grew

503
00:31:16,140 --> 00:31:19,413
by one of the numerous
transgressions of the sea.

504
00:31:20,310 --> 00:31:23,610
So with a little bit of creativity,

505
00:31:23,610 --> 00:31:28,020
Lyell converted another
"challenge" into another "evidence"

506
00:31:28,020 --> 00:31:30,720
with which to prop up his new history,

507
00:31:30,720 --> 00:31:33,330
and emblazon in the minds of the readers,

508
00:31:33,330 --> 00:31:36,543
the present is the key to the past.

509
00:31:37,650 --> 00:31:41,400
But once again, either Lyell
did not see the evidence,

510
00:31:41,400 --> 00:31:43,560
or did not report it.

511
00:31:43,560 --> 00:31:47,430
The lycopods have rootlets
radiating out from the roots,

512
00:31:47,430 --> 00:31:49,710
yet some of the fossil polystrate plants

513
00:31:49,710 --> 00:31:52,530
have had their rootlets stripped off.

514
00:31:52,530 --> 00:31:56,520
Evidence that the plants were
ripped up by catastrophe,

515
00:31:56,520 --> 00:32:00,600
transported by water, and
buried where they are now,

516
00:32:00,600 --> 00:32:02,793
and not buried where they grew.

517
00:32:03,660 --> 00:32:05,610
Occasionally, we find polystrate plants

518
00:32:05,610 --> 00:32:08,310
that were buried upside down.

519
00:32:08,310 --> 00:32:11,730
Last I checked, plants don't
grow upside down very well,

520
00:32:11,730 --> 00:32:15,753
so the more likely explanation
is once again, a flood.

521
00:32:17,130 --> 00:32:21,000
Do we see present-day
processes rip up trees,

522
00:32:21,000 --> 00:32:23,250
bury them upside down?

523
00:32:23,250 --> 00:32:26,730
If we did, we would call it a catastrophe.

524
00:32:26,730 --> 00:32:28,860
We certainly would not call it long

525
00:32:28,860 --> 00:32:31,143
and slow geological process.

526
00:32:35,993 --> 00:32:38,519
- [Narrator] And so we see
the beginnings of the war,

527
00:32:38,519 --> 00:32:41,823
a war waged by a scant
and very determined few.

528
00:32:42,990 --> 00:32:46,560
A war where science was
flung around in word,

529
00:32:46,560 --> 00:32:49,860
but not in practise, in
order to add authority

530
00:32:49,860 --> 00:32:52,233
to those who wanted to push an ideology.

531
00:32:58,620 --> 00:33:01,260
An ideology that was
secretly rooted in trying

532
00:33:01,260 --> 00:33:04,353
to discredit the story
of Noah and the flood.

533
00:33:05,940 --> 00:33:09,570
A carefully planned attack
intended to convince people

534
00:33:09,570 --> 00:33:12,333
that the present was the key to the past.

535
00:33:13,410 --> 00:33:15,540
Not the Bible.

536
00:33:15,540 --> 00:33:18,750
A war that attempted to
replace God's judgement

537
00:33:18,750 --> 00:33:21,363
and a worldwide flood with deep time.

538
00:33:23,423 --> 00:33:25,920
So is the present the key to the past?

539
00:33:25,920 --> 00:33:27,720
Or is the Bible the key to the past?

540
00:33:30,667 --> 00:33:33,417
(dramatic music)

541
00:33:42,780 --> 00:33:45,240
When we look into both the fossil record

542
00:33:45,240 --> 00:33:48,630
and the biblical record of
the world before the flood,

543
00:33:48,630 --> 00:33:51,630
we see an incredible place.

544
00:33:51,630 --> 00:33:53,040
According to the Bible,

545
00:33:53,040 --> 00:33:56,160
people lived to almost 1,000 years old,

546
00:33:56,160 --> 00:33:58,230
and there were giants in the land.

547
00:33:58,230 --> 00:34:01,110
Virtually all life had larger counterparts

548
00:34:01,110 --> 00:34:02,610
in the fossil record.

549
00:34:02,610 --> 00:34:05,823
Dragonflies had three-foot wingspans.

550
00:34:07,110 --> 00:34:09,330
Cockroaches were a foot in length.

551
00:34:09,330 --> 00:34:12,990
Lycopod plants got up to 120 feet tall.

552
00:34:12,990 --> 00:34:15,180
Sheep were six feet tall.

553
00:34:15,180 --> 00:34:19,140
In the oceans, we find
tortoises the size of cars,

554
00:34:19,140 --> 00:34:22,350
and sharks that were a hundred feet long.

555
00:34:22,350 --> 00:34:25,290
It appears that animals
did not eat each other

556
00:34:25,290 --> 00:34:27,090
in order to survive.

557
00:34:27,090 --> 00:34:30,547
As we read in Genesis 1:30,

558
00:34:30,547 --> 00:34:32,670
"And to every beast of the earth,

559
00:34:32,670 --> 00:34:35,760
and to every fowl of the
air, and to every thing

560
00:34:35,760 --> 00:34:39,150
that creepeth upon the
earth wherein there is life,

561
00:34:39,150 --> 00:34:42,210
I have given every green herb for meat.

562
00:34:42,210 --> 00:34:43,680
And it was so."

563
00:34:43,680 --> 00:34:46,290
What is presently our Arctic Circle

564
00:34:46,290 --> 00:34:48,537
had such a stunning array of animals

565
00:34:48,537 --> 00:34:52,320
But the only place in modern
times with such variety

566
00:34:52,320 --> 00:34:56,670
is the African Serengeti, the
usual suspects of mammoths

567
00:34:56,670 --> 00:34:59,850
and mastodons, but also
the woolly rhinoceros,

568
00:34:59,850 --> 00:35:03,240
camels, lions, bears, donkeys, horses,

569
00:35:03,240 --> 00:35:06,000
and a slew of small animals.

570
00:35:06,000 --> 00:35:08,853
The mammoths alone
numbered in the millions.

571
00:35:10,950 --> 00:35:13,680
- This is Cape Spear in Newfoundland.

572
00:35:13,680 --> 00:35:16,590
It's the most easterly
point of North America.

573
00:35:16,590 --> 00:35:21,480
England is over that way,
about 3,000 kilometres away.

574
00:35:21,480 --> 00:35:23,580
Yet conventional thinking believes

575
00:35:23,580 --> 00:35:25,770
that quite possibly in the past,

576
00:35:25,770 --> 00:35:28,593
England would have been right here.

577
00:35:31,620 --> 00:35:35,460
This idea of continental
division or continental drift

578
00:35:35,460 --> 00:35:37,560
is actually an old idea,

579
00:35:37,560 --> 00:35:41,010
and the source of this idea
may come as a surprise.

580
00:35:41,010 --> 00:35:43,860
The idea came from the Bible.

581
00:35:43,860 --> 00:35:45,390
- [Narrator] In the 1800s,

582
00:35:45,390 --> 00:35:48,930
Antonio Snider-Pellegrini
was reading his Bible

583
00:35:48,930 --> 00:35:51,150
and read the Genesis account of creation,

584
00:35:51,150 --> 00:35:52,867
where in chapter 1 it reads,

585
00:35:52,867 --> 00:35:56,340
"And God said, 'Let the waters
under the heaven be gathered

586
00:35:56,340 --> 00:35:58,410
together unto one place,

587
00:35:58,410 --> 00:36:02,280
and let the dry land
appear.' And it was so.

588
00:36:02,280 --> 00:36:04,260
And God called the dry land earth,

589
00:36:04,260 --> 00:36:07,830
and the gathering together
of the waters called he seas.

590
00:36:07,830 --> 00:36:10,110
And God saw that it was good."

591
00:36:10,110 --> 00:36:11,730
Pellegrini deduced

592
00:36:11,730 --> 00:36:14,430
that if the waters were
gathered into one place,

593
00:36:14,430 --> 00:36:17,880
then the land must also
have been in one place.

594
00:36:17,880 --> 00:36:21,090
But the land was presently
broken up into continents,

595
00:36:21,090 --> 00:36:24,510
so he deduced that the
continents must have divided

596
00:36:24,510 --> 00:36:28,170
and drifted, probably at
the time of Noah's flood.

597
00:36:28,170 --> 00:36:29,850
He then began to experiment

598
00:36:29,850 --> 00:36:33,600
with fitting the continents
together like puzzle pieces.

599
00:36:33,600 --> 00:36:36,360
He also found identical plant fossils

600
00:36:36,360 --> 00:36:38,610
in both Europe and the United States,

601
00:36:38,610 --> 00:36:42,630
the same plant fossils found
on the east coast of Canada.

602
00:36:42,630 --> 00:36:45,180
This added further weight to his theory

603
00:36:45,180 --> 00:36:49,500
of continental division,
which he published in 1858,

604
00:36:49,500 --> 00:36:51,060
almost six decades

605
00:36:51,060 --> 00:36:54,930
before Alfred Wegener proposed
his plate tectonics model.

606
00:36:54,930 --> 00:36:58,020
- And of course, this continental
division is now claimed

607
00:36:58,020 --> 00:37:00,930
to have taken many,
many millions of years,

608
00:37:00,930 --> 00:37:03,930
thus allegedly discrediting
the history of Earth

609
00:37:03,930 --> 00:37:05,223
according to the Bible.

610
00:37:06,240 --> 00:37:09,510
Isn't it interesting that a biblical idea

611
00:37:09,510 --> 00:37:14,160
was hijacked by those trying
to replace Noah's flood

612
00:37:14,160 --> 00:37:17,910
with deep time, in order
to discredit the Bible

613
00:37:17,910 --> 00:37:21,600
from which came the idea
of continental division?

614
00:37:21,600 --> 00:37:23,610
- [Narrator] And so we
get a glimpse of the world

615
00:37:23,610 --> 00:37:27,210
that then was, a gigantic supercontinent

616
00:37:27,210 --> 00:37:30,870
that was globally warm,
everything was larger, healthier,

617
00:37:30,870 --> 00:37:35,010
and lived longer, except
there was one problem,

618
00:37:35,010 --> 00:37:38,220
the violence and wickedness of man.

619
00:37:38,220 --> 00:37:41,520
In Genesis 6, we see a sad statement

620
00:37:41,520 --> 00:37:44,190
of the regret of God himself.

621
00:37:44,190 --> 00:37:46,950
And God saw that the wickedness of man

622
00:37:46,950 --> 00:37:48,600
was great in the earth,

623
00:37:48,600 --> 00:37:51,720
and that every imagination
of the thoughts of his heart

624
00:37:51,720 --> 00:37:54,750
was only evil continually.

625
00:37:54,750 --> 00:37:58,740
And it repented the Lord that
he had made man on the earth,

626
00:37:58,740 --> 00:38:00,087
and it grieved him at his heart.

627
00:38:00,087 --> 00:38:03,330
And the Lord said, "I will destroy man

628
00:38:03,330 --> 00:38:06,930
whom I have created from
the face of the earth,

629
00:38:06,930 --> 00:38:11,430
both man and beast,
and the creeping thing,

630
00:38:11,430 --> 00:38:13,710
and the fowls of the air.

631
00:38:13,710 --> 00:38:17,010
For it repenteth me that I have made them,

632
00:38:17,010 --> 00:38:20,820
but Noah found grace in
the eyes of the Lord.

633
00:38:20,820 --> 00:38:22,230
The Lord said to Noah,

634
00:38:22,230 --> 00:38:25,500
'Noah, the end of all
flesh has come before me,

635
00:38:25,500 --> 00:38:28,290
for the earth is filled
with violence through them.

636
00:38:28,290 --> 00:38:31,560
And behold, I will destroy
them with the earth.

637
00:38:31,560 --> 00:38:34,560
Make thee an ark of gopher
wood, rooms shalt thou make

638
00:38:34,560 --> 00:38:37,350
in the ark, and shalt
pitch it within and without

639
00:38:37,350 --> 00:38:40,050
with pitch; and this is the fashion

640
00:38:40,050 --> 00:38:41,970
which thou shalt make it of.

641
00:38:41,970 --> 00:38:45,090
The length of the ark
should be 300 cubits,

642
00:38:45,090 --> 00:38:49,350
the breadth of it 50 cubits,
and the height of it 30 cubits.

643
00:38:49,350 --> 00:38:51,870
A window shalt thou make to the ark,

644
00:38:51,870 --> 00:38:55,590
and in a cubit shalt thou finish it above;

645
00:38:55,590 --> 00:38:58,020
and the the door of the ark shalt thou set

646
00:38:58,020 --> 00:39:00,180
in the side thereof.

647
00:39:00,180 --> 00:39:04,320
With lower, second, and third
stories shalt thou make it.

648
00:39:04,320 --> 00:39:08,280
And behold, I, even I, do
bring a flood of waters

649
00:39:08,280 --> 00:39:11,460
upon the earth to destroy all flesh,

650
00:39:11,460 --> 00:39:14,760
wherein is the breath of
life from under heaven,

651
00:39:14,760 --> 00:39:18,780
and everything that is
in the earth shall die.

652
00:39:18,780 --> 00:39:21,990
But with thee, will I
establish my covenant,

653
00:39:21,990 --> 00:39:25,560
and thou shalt come into
the ark, thou and thy sons,

654
00:39:25,560 --> 00:39:29,040
and thy wife, and thy
sons' wives with thee.

655
00:39:29,040 --> 00:39:31,770
And of every living thing of all flesh,

656
00:39:31,770 --> 00:39:35,040
two of every sort shalt
thou bring into the ark

657
00:39:35,040 --> 00:39:36,900
to keep them alive with thee.

658
00:39:36,900 --> 00:39:41,550
They shall be male and female,
of fowls after their kind,

659
00:39:41,550 --> 00:39:44,070
and of cattle after their kind,

660
00:39:44,070 --> 00:39:47,760
of every creeping thing of
the earth after his kind,

661
00:39:47,760 --> 00:39:52,050
two of every sort shall come
unto thee to keep them alive.

662
00:39:52,050 --> 00:39:55,770
And take thou unto thee
of all food that is eaten,

663
00:39:55,770 --> 00:39:58,020
and thou shalt gather it to thee,

664
00:39:58,020 --> 00:40:02,100
and it shall be for food
for thee and for them.'"

665
00:40:02,100 --> 00:40:04,530
And so for some 100 years,

666
00:40:04,530 --> 00:40:07,140
Noah constructed the ark following

667
00:40:07,140 --> 00:40:10,470
the exact plan given by God himself.

668
00:40:10,470 --> 00:40:13,200
It was huge in its dimensions.

669
00:40:13,200 --> 00:40:15,690
The dimensions given were in cubits,

670
00:40:15,690 --> 00:40:18,990
which is the measurement from
the elbow to the finger tip.

671
00:40:18,990 --> 00:40:22,710
Today, that would be an
average of about 18 inches

672
00:40:22,710 --> 00:40:23,730
or a foot and a half.

673
00:40:23,730 --> 00:40:25,860
That means that Noah's ark

674
00:40:25,860 --> 00:40:29,880
would have been
approximately 450 feet long,

675
00:40:29,880 --> 00:40:34,140
150 feet wide and 90 feet high.

676
00:40:34,140 --> 00:40:36,480
In other words, it was the size of a ship.

677
00:40:36,480 --> 00:40:39,450
The Santa Maria sailed
across the Atlantic Ocean

678
00:40:39,450 --> 00:40:42,993
and it was much, much
smaller than the ark.

679
00:40:44,250 --> 00:40:46,110
- Wait, wait, wait.

680
00:40:46,110 --> 00:40:49,260
Is it even possible for
one man and his family

681
00:40:49,260 --> 00:40:50,823
to build such a huge ship?

682
00:40:51,690 --> 00:40:54,480
Was there even really a global flood?

683
00:40:54,480 --> 00:40:59,040
I mean, maybe the story of
Noah's flood was just allegory?

684
00:40:59,040 --> 00:41:02,340
Maybe it was a flood
that just hit his area?

685
00:41:02,340 --> 00:41:05,760
How do we even know if
Noah actually built an ark,

686
00:41:05,760 --> 00:41:07,260
let alone what it looked like?

687
00:41:08,160 --> 00:41:11,070
Even if Lyell was wrong about his science,

688
00:41:11,070 --> 00:41:13,380
maybe he was right about
there never having been

689
00:41:13,380 --> 00:41:15,090
a worldwide flood,

690
00:41:15,090 --> 00:41:18,540
and instead the earth is
billions of years old.

691
00:41:18,540 --> 00:41:21,483
Maybe the present is the key to the past.

692
00:41:22,920 --> 00:41:26,880
Conveniently, Lyell has provided
us with a way to test both

693
00:41:26,880 --> 00:41:30,900
his theory and the biblical
account of history,

694
00:41:30,900 --> 00:41:33,600
present day processes.

695
00:41:33,600 --> 00:41:36,930
Let's take a look at some
present day processes.

696
00:41:36,930 --> 00:41:38,640
Here at Joggins,

697
00:41:38,640 --> 00:41:40,710
the stunning tides of the Bay of Fundy

698
00:41:40,710 --> 00:41:43,050
are the highest in the world.

699
00:41:43,050 --> 00:41:47,973
They rise and fall some 15
metres, 45 feet, twice a day.

700
00:41:49,050 --> 00:41:51,390
As the tides rise and fall,

701
00:41:51,390 --> 00:41:54,900
the water action erodes the cliffs away,

702
00:41:54,900 --> 00:41:58,470
breaking up the rock with
waves and frost into sand,

703
00:41:58,470 --> 00:42:00,033
which is washed away.

704
00:42:01,140 --> 00:42:04,953
You can see that the rock
layers are tilted to the south.

705
00:42:05,790 --> 00:42:08,460
The layers are different kinds of rock,

706
00:42:08,460 --> 00:42:12,780
and so, of course, some
rocks are harder than others.

707
00:42:12,780 --> 00:42:16,710
The softer rocks get eroded away first,

708
00:42:16,710 --> 00:42:19,740
which leaves behind the harder rocks,

709
00:42:19,740 --> 00:42:22,770
which jut out of the water as reefs.

710
00:42:22,770 --> 00:42:26,310
Now this is called differential erosion.

711
00:42:26,310 --> 00:42:29,040
The rocks erode differently.

712
00:42:29,040 --> 00:42:31,470
Differential erosion.

713
00:42:31,470 --> 00:42:35,790
This is a slow present day
process that we can observe

714
00:42:35,790 --> 00:42:37,350
and even measure.

715
00:42:37,350 --> 00:42:39,990
- [Narrator] Differential
erosion is the process

716
00:42:39,990 --> 00:42:43,500
by which different types of
rock or sediment are eroded

717
00:42:43,500 --> 00:42:44,703
at different rates.

718
00:42:45,720 --> 00:42:48,682
Notice how quickly sand is eroded...

719
00:42:48,682 --> 00:42:51,515
(water splashing)

720
00:42:53,400 --> 00:42:56,341
And limestone erodes at a slower rate.

721
00:42:56,341 --> 00:42:59,174
(water splashing)

722
00:43:01,080 --> 00:43:05,332
Sandstone is the slowest
to erode of the three.

723
00:43:05,332 --> 00:43:08,165
(water splashing)

724
00:43:09,480 --> 00:43:12,060
Now imagine if all three are eroded

725
00:43:12,060 --> 00:43:14,070
at the same time together,

726
00:43:14,070 --> 00:43:16,920
this is exactly what happened at Joggins,

727
00:43:16,920 --> 00:43:19,560
where the rocks eroded at different rates.

728
00:43:19,560 --> 00:43:21,750
The waves caused the erosion

729
00:43:21,750 --> 00:43:24,720
and the continual
collapse of the shoreline,

730
00:43:24,720 --> 00:43:28,650
leaving ridges where the
harder rock eroded slower

731
00:43:28,650 --> 00:43:29,763
than the softer rock.

732
00:43:36,360 --> 00:43:39,510
Softer and weaker rocks
are rapidly worn away,

733
00:43:39,510 --> 00:43:42,540
whereas harder and more
resistant rocks remain

734
00:43:42,540 --> 00:43:45,543
to form ridges, hills or mountains.

735
00:43:47,580 --> 00:43:50,853
- But now we take a look up
at the top of the cliffs,

736
00:43:52,080 --> 00:43:54,270
where the exact same rock layers

737
00:43:54,270 --> 00:43:58,560
have been sheared and have
not been eroded differently.

738
00:43:58,560 --> 00:44:03,560
Something has cut all the rock
layers off perfectly flat,

739
00:44:03,750 --> 00:44:06,810
and whatever cut the
rocks didn't care one bit

740
00:44:06,810 --> 00:44:09,723
about whether the rock was hard or soft.

741
00:44:10,680 --> 00:44:15,120
This flat surface is
called a planation surface.

742
00:44:15,120 --> 00:44:18,030
It has been planed flat.

743
00:44:18,030 --> 00:44:21,600
This planation surface at
Joggins apparently picks up again

744
00:44:21,600 --> 00:44:24,330
about 100 kilometres to the east

745
00:44:24,330 --> 00:44:27,153
and heads up through the
Cape Breton Highlands.

746
00:44:28,020 --> 00:44:31,230
In fact, all of the
mountains have had their tops

747
00:44:31,230 --> 00:44:36,230
cut off flat at the same
elevation in a planation surface.

748
00:44:36,960 --> 00:44:39,240
At the north end of the
Cape Breton Highlands,

749
00:44:39,240 --> 00:44:43,080
if we look to the south,
we can see just how far

750
00:44:43,080 --> 00:44:45,840
and flat the mountains have been cut off.

751
00:44:45,840 --> 00:44:48,600
If we turn around and
look towards the island

752
00:44:48,600 --> 00:44:52,920
of Newfoundland, we see the
flattened mountains continue.

753
00:44:52,920 --> 00:44:54,600
If we cross the Cabot Strait

754
00:44:54,600 --> 00:44:56,430
and head to the isle of Newfoundland,

755
00:44:56,430 --> 00:44:58,260
we are met with mountains

756
00:44:58,260 --> 00:45:01,950
that have also been cut off
flat at the same elevation

757
00:45:01,950 --> 00:45:06,950
as the mountains over 100
kilometres away in Cape Breton.

758
00:45:07,020 --> 00:45:10,290
If we follow this mountain
chain up through Newfoundland,

759
00:45:10,290 --> 00:45:13,530
all the mountains are planed off flat.

760
00:45:13,530 --> 00:45:15,030
It's as if some giant with a planer

761
00:45:15,030 --> 00:45:18,630
and a dislike for mountains
got bored one afternoon

762
00:45:18,630 --> 00:45:20,850
and shaved down all the mountains.

763
00:45:20,850 --> 00:45:24,600
They go on like this for
hundreds of kilometres,

764
00:45:24,600 --> 00:45:27,870
going back onto the mainland in Labrador.

765
00:45:27,870 --> 00:45:30,120
- [Narrator] And so the mystery thickens.

766
00:45:30,120 --> 00:45:31,533
What on earth could do this?

767
00:45:32,430 --> 00:45:36,420
We saw what long and slow
geological processes do.

768
00:45:36,420 --> 00:45:39,030
They do not cut planation surfaces.

769
00:45:39,030 --> 00:45:40,923
They cause differential erosion.

770
00:45:42,120 --> 00:45:45,060
Maybe a glacier cut these mountains flat.

771
00:45:45,060 --> 00:45:48,060
By definition, glaciers flow downhill.

772
00:45:48,060 --> 00:45:49,773
There is no downhill.

773
00:45:51,000 --> 00:45:54,390
The steepest slope of the
flat surface leans downhill

774
00:45:54,390 --> 00:45:56,313
at 0.15 degrees.

775
00:45:58,110 --> 00:46:01,833
Glaciers carve gouges, not flat surfaces.

776
00:46:02,880 --> 00:46:06,420
And the gouges leave behind moraines.

777
00:46:06,420 --> 00:46:10,890
None of this is visible on
this massive plain surface.

778
00:46:10,890 --> 00:46:12,360
- But these planation surfaces

779
00:46:12,360 --> 00:46:15,000
are found literally all over the world.

780
00:46:15,000 --> 00:46:16,500
We're standing on top of one here

781
00:46:16,500 --> 00:46:19,230
at Cypress Hills Interprovincial Park

782
00:46:19,230 --> 00:46:22,890
on the border of Alberta
and Saskatchewan in Canada.

783
00:46:22,890 --> 00:46:25,950
We're on top of a mountain
that, as you can see,

784
00:46:25,950 --> 00:46:28,020
has been cut incredibly flat.

785
00:46:28,020 --> 00:46:32,670
We're over 1,000 metres, 3,500
feet above sea level here.

786
00:46:32,670 --> 00:46:35,550
What slow, present day processes

787
00:46:35,550 --> 00:46:38,643
could cut the top off a
mountain perfectly flat?

788
00:46:40,140 --> 00:46:42,390
Interestingly, we have a small hint

789
00:46:42,390 --> 00:46:45,240
as to what went on here at Cypress Hills.

790
00:46:45,240 --> 00:46:49,080
The top of the mountain is
covered in rounded boulders

791
00:46:49,080 --> 00:46:52,377
made of an extremely hard
rock called quartzite.

792
00:46:53,310 --> 00:46:56,520
Quartzite is basically sand
that has been compressed

793
00:46:56,520 --> 00:46:58,530
under tremendous heat and pressure

794
00:46:58,530 --> 00:47:01,560
and turned into an extremely hard rock.

795
00:47:01,560 --> 00:47:05,190
Now, interestingly, these
rocks are also peppered

796
00:47:05,190 --> 00:47:08,910
in strange, circular marks.

797
00:47:08,910 --> 00:47:10,980
But the strangest thing
of all about these rocks

798
00:47:10,980 --> 00:47:13,890
is that they didn't come
from Alberta or Saskatchewan.

799
00:47:13,890 --> 00:47:18,813
They came from 800 kilometres,
500 miles away in Idaho.

800
00:47:20,610 --> 00:47:23,280
What on earth has happened here

801
00:47:23,280 --> 00:47:28,280
that would move rocks 800
kilometres, plane mountains flat,

802
00:47:28,920 --> 00:47:32,850
and make these strange
circular marks in these rocks?

803
00:47:32,850 --> 00:47:34,170
- [Narrator] Throughout the world,

804
00:47:34,170 --> 00:47:37,470
we find hundreds of
water gaps and wind gaps.

805
00:47:37,470 --> 00:47:40,380
This is a classic example of a water gap.

806
00:47:40,380 --> 00:47:44,550
Water has cut through a
mountain producing this canyon

807
00:47:44,550 --> 00:47:46,710
or gap in the mountain.

808
00:47:46,710 --> 00:47:50,550
But here's the thing,
water finds its own level.

809
00:47:50,550 --> 00:47:52,500
If we turn to the side,

810
00:47:52,500 --> 00:47:55,770
we find the water could have
gone around the mountain.

811
00:47:55,770 --> 00:47:59,880
Why and how did the water
go up and over the mountain

812
00:47:59,880 --> 00:48:01,860
to cut a canyon through it?

813
00:48:01,860 --> 00:48:06,570
The Grand Canyon is probably
the most famous water gap.

814
00:48:06,570 --> 00:48:10,740
The Canyon cut through
the Colorado dome uplift,

815
00:48:10,740 --> 00:48:15,210
but the water could have gone
around the dome to the south.

816
00:48:15,210 --> 00:48:19,470
Instead, it cut a gargantuan
canyon right through

817
00:48:19,470 --> 00:48:21,840
the middle of the uplift.

818
00:48:21,840 --> 00:48:24,630
One scientist looking at
the numerous water gaps

819
00:48:24,630 --> 00:48:27,270
we find around the world remarked

820
00:48:27,270 --> 00:48:30,750
that it almost looked like
the river went out of its way

821
00:48:30,750 --> 00:48:32,880
to cut through the mountain.

822
00:48:32,880 --> 00:48:37,830
The question then arises, did
the river form the canyon,

823
00:48:37,830 --> 00:48:41,130
or did the canyon form the river?

824
00:48:41,130 --> 00:48:43,860
Other canyons which were
cut in this fashion,

825
00:48:43,860 --> 00:48:46,620
but have no water
flowing through them now,

826
00:48:46,620 --> 00:48:49,140
are called wind gaps.

827
00:48:49,140 --> 00:48:52,710
They pose the same mystery
as they were originally cut

828
00:48:52,710 --> 00:48:54,840
by flowing water.

829
00:48:54,840 --> 00:48:57,750
But water that had to flow uphill

830
00:48:57,750 --> 00:49:00,300
in order to cut the canyon,

831
00:49:00,300 --> 00:49:03,810
when the water simply could
have gone around the mountain.

832
00:49:03,810 --> 00:49:07,290
- Here in the beautiful
badlands of Alberta, Canada,

833
00:49:07,290 --> 00:49:11,610
we find copious numbers
of fossil dinosaur bones.

834
00:49:11,610 --> 00:49:13,710
It's a great mystery as
to what exactly it was

835
00:49:13,710 --> 00:49:15,600
that killed the dinosaurs.

836
00:49:15,600 --> 00:49:18,000
We mostly find the dinosaurs ripped apart

837
00:49:18,000 --> 00:49:22,230
and mixed together, often
different dinosaurs ripped apart

838
00:49:22,230 --> 00:49:23,970
and mixed together.

839
00:49:23,970 --> 00:49:26,850
When we do find their
bones still together,

840
00:49:26,850 --> 00:49:29,490
the dinosaurs are almost invariably

841
00:49:29,490 --> 00:49:33,840
in horrible death throws,
the head pulled back

842
00:49:33,840 --> 00:49:38,133
as far as it can go, indicating
its struggle to stay alive.

843
00:49:39,390 --> 00:49:42,450
What on earth happened to these dinosaurs?

844
00:49:42,450 --> 00:49:44,250
One of the most common fossils found

845
00:49:44,250 --> 00:49:47,760
in the dinosaur bone beds
is not the dinosaurs,

846
00:49:47,760 --> 00:49:50,940
but rather fishes and clams,

847
00:49:50,940 --> 00:49:54,867
which have been buried alive
in the "closed position."

848
00:49:55,770 --> 00:49:58,563
When a clam dies, it falls open.

849
00:49:59,430 --> 00:50:02,490
Clams which are rapidly buried
can also burrow their way

850
00:50:02,490 --> 00:50:05,100
out of remarkably deep sediments,

851
00:50:05,100 --> 00:50:09,060
but these clams were buried
alive with the dinosaurs,

852
00:50:09,060 --> 00:50:11,373
along with lots of fish remains.

853
00:50:12,510 --> 00:50:14,160
While we are told that the dinosaurs

854
00:50:14,160 --> 00:50:17,400
were killed by an asteroid
striking the earth,

855
00:50:17,400 --> 00:50:21,570
the reality is that there is
huge problems with that theory.

856
00:50:21,570 --> 00:50:25,050
The crater that was supposedly
formed by the asteroid

857
00:50:25,050 --> 00:50:29,133
is the Chicxulub crater on the
Yucatan peninsula of Mexico.

858
00:50:29,970 --> 00:50:32,790
There was a rare mineral called iridium

859
00:50:32,790 --> 00:50:35,130
that is found in asteroids.

860
00:50:35,130 --> 00:50:38,370
This rare mineral is also
found in a rock layer

861
00:50:38,370 --> 00:50:41,340
called the KT boundary,

862
00:50:41,340 --> 00:50:45,330
the contact between the
Cretaceous and Tertiary layers,

863
00:50:45,330 --> 00:50:47,940
where the dinosaurs are claimed to vanish

864
00:50:47,940 --> 00:50:49,920
from the fossil record.

865
00:50:49,920 --> 00:50:52,410
So it was suggested that the dinosaurs

866
00:50:52,410 --> 00:50:54,393
had been killed by an asteroid.

867
00:50:55,530 --> 00:50:58,500
But an asteroid won't rip dinosaurs apart

868
00:50:58,500 --> 00:51:00,480
and mix up their bones.

869
00:51:00,480 --> 00:51:03,300
The dinosaurs, buried with
their heads pulled back

870
00:51:03,300 --> 00:51:06,933
are doing so undoubtedly because of water.

871
00:51:07,770 --> 00:51:11,310
Asphyxiation will cause an
animal, or even a human,

872
00:51:11,310 --> 00:51:15,060
to pull their head back as they are dying.

873
00:51:15,060 --> 00:51:18,600
Also, scientists discovered
that dead chickens,

874
00:51:18,600 --> 00:51:22,893
when put in cold water,
instantly pull their heads back.

875
00:51:23,790 --> 00:51:28,790
Finding fish and closed clams
buried with the dinosaurs

876
00:51:29,070 --> 00:51:31,890
is clear indication that
the dinosaurs were killed

877
00:51:31,890 --> 00:51:35,550
in a flood, not by some asteroid.

878
00:51:35,550 --> 00:51:39,780
But this was no meandering
river during spring flood.

879
00:51:39,780 --> 00:51:42,600
The layers in which
these dinosaurs are found

880
00:51:42,600 --> 00:51:45,240
are provincial in size.

881
00:51:45,240 --> 00:51:49,020
For example, the Morrison
Formation covers 10 states

882
00:51:49,020 --> 00:51:51,960
and 3 Canadian provinces.

883
00:51:51,960 --> 00:51:56,220
This was not some present day
process that made this layer.

884
00:51:56,220 --> 00:52:01,220
This was a massive flood on
the scale of a worldwide flood.

885
00:52:01,710 --> 00:52:04,740
- [Narrator] We have several
mysteries presented to us.

886
00:52:04,740 --> 00:52:06,720
How on earth do you cut a canyon

887
00:52:06,720 --> 00:52:09,150
through a mountain with water?

888
00:52:09,150 --> 00:52:11,940
When the water can go around the mountain,

889
00:52:11,940 --> 00:52:15,603
by using present-day processes, you can't.

890
00:52:16,470 --> 00:52:20,880
How do you shave flat the tops
of entire mountain chains?

891
00:52:20,880 --> 00:52:23,160
There are no present-day processes

892
00:52:23,160 --> 00:52:25,623
that we know of which do this.

893
00:52:26,910 --> 00:52:31,020
- How do you rip up extremely
hard rocks in Idaho,

894
00:52:31,020 --> 00:52:33,810
transport them 800 kilometres,

895
00:52:33,810 --> 00:52:36,060
pounding them against
each other, rounding them,

896
00:52:36,060 --> 00:52:38,370
and making a flat-topped mountain

897
00:52:38,370 --> 00:52:41,973
in Canada 3,500 feet above sea level?

898
00:52:43,050 --> 00:52:47,760
Present day processes cannot
explain any of this evidence.

899
00:52:47,760 --> 00:52:49,860
However, as it all turns out,

900
00:52:49,860 --> 00:52:53,523
all of these mysteries are
simply explained with one answer.

901
00:52:54,395 --> 00:52:55,893
A worldwide flood.

902
00:52:57,287 --> 00:53:00,037
(dramatic music)

903
00:53:06,630 --> 00:53:09,000
- [Narrator] Noah's Ark
is almost always portrayed

904
00:53:09,000 --> 00:53:10,800
as a boat shape.

905
00:53:10,800 --> 00:53:14,100
But what was its form and how do we know?

906
00:53:14,100 --> 00:53:18,480
- Well, the interesting thing
is there are a few people,

907
00:53:18,480 --> 00:53:21,240
definitely not the
majority, but a few people,

908
00:53:21,240 --> 00:53:24,930
who would say that the Bible
actually doesn't tell us

909
00:53:24,930 --> 00:53:26,553
what Noah's Ark looked like.

910
00:53:27,510 --> 00:53:31,710
Now, I'm the kind of guy
that looks at things,

911
00:53:31,710 --> 00:53:35,400
researchers things, gets back
into the Hebrew and the Greek

912
00:53:35,400 --> 00:53:38,130
to see if statements like this are true.

913
00:53:38,130 --> 00:53:42,750
It turns out that there
is plenty in the Bible

914
00:53:42,750 --> 00:53:44,030
to give us a basic idea

915
00:53:44,030 --> 00:53:46,860
of what Noah's Ark really did look like.

916
00:53:46,860 --> 00:53:49,710
Now if you were to ask the question,

917
00:53:49,710 --> 00:53:52,830
if we were to start with the Bible alone,

918
00:53:52,830 --> 00:53:55,920
could we get an idea what
Noah's Ark looked like?

919
00:53:55,920 --> 00:53:57,360
Now, it's an interesting question

920
00:53:57,360 --> 00:53:59,673
and it's actually an
easy question to answer.

921
00:54:00,660 --> 00:54:04,890
Dozens and dozens of times individuals

922
00:54:04,890 --> 00:54:09,210
have approached Scripture alone
using proper hermeneutics,

923
00:54:09,210 --> 00:54:12,110
exegetical techniques,
taking a look at the Hebrew

924
00:54:12,110 --> 00:54:15,090
in the Old Testament,
taking a look at the Greek

925
00:54:15,090 --> 00:54:16,590
in the New Testament.

926
00:54:16,590 --> 00:54:19,183
It's important to look not
just at the Old Testament,

927
00:54:19,183 --> 00:54:21,630
but at the New Testament as well.

928
00:54:21,630 --> 00:54:24,150
Now, let me just summarise this.

929
00:54:24,150 --> 00:54:27,060
Starting with the Reformation, of course,

930
00:54:27,060 --> 00:54:29,580
Martin Luther a very famous individual

931
00:54:29,580 --> 00:54:30,660
in the history of the church,

932
00:54:30,660 --> 00:54:33,570
especially the evangelical church,

933
00:54:33,570 --> 00:54:37,230
Martin Luther in 1523 depicts the Ark

934
00:54:37,230 --> 00:54:40,980
in one of his publications as a box

935
00:54:40,980 --> 00:54:42,603
or a chest if you will.

936
00:54:43,740 --> 00:54:48,570
What you find is Johannes
Buteo in 1554 discusses

937
00:54:48,570 --> 00:54:51,900
the New Testament word "kibotos."

938
00:54:51,900 --> 00:54:56,460
You see the New Testament calls
Noah's vessel a "kibotos,"

939
00:54:56,460 --> 00:54:58,920
the very same word by the way
is the Ark of the Covenant

940
00:54:58,920 --> 00:55:00,330
in the New Testament.

941
00:55:00,330 --> 00:55:04,200
One Greek word discussing both
of those particular vessels.

942
00:55:04,200 --> 00:55:06,750
Now, there's no doubt that
the Ark of the Covenant

943
00:55:06,750 --> 00:55:09,030
was a box-shaped vessel.

944
00:55:09,030 --> 00:55:12,180
Why in the world would the
Holy Spirit pick that word

945
00:55:12,180 --> 00:55:15,660
to describe Noah's Ark
if it was not a box-like

946
00:55:15,660 --> 00:55:17,310
or chest-like vessel?

947
00:55:17,310 --> 00:55:22,310
In 1554, Johannes Buteo says
that the Ark was a chest.

948
00:55:23,070 --> 00:55:24,120
Now, of course, that's based

949
00:55:24,120 --> 00:55:26,190
on the New Testament word kibotos,

950
00:55:26,190 --> 00:55:28,443
as well as the Old Testament word tebah.

951
00:55:29,400 --> 00:55:34,400
Now, Buteo says that a chest
needs no further definition,

952
00:55:34,890 --> 00:55:36,270
and I think I agree with him.

953
00:55:36,270 --> 00:55:40,080
Now, Johannes Buteo was a geometrist,

954
00:55:40,080 --> 00:55:45,080
and he says that a chest is
a parallelepiped rectangle.

955
00:55:45,150 --> 00:55:48,240
Now, what in the world is
a parallelepiped rectangle?

956
00:55:48,240 --> 00:55:49,920
Well, if you take a look at

957
00:55:49,920 --> 00:55:53,430
what geometrists talk about
there, it's a box shape,

958
00:55:53,430 --> 00:55:55,413
but more on the rectangular side.

959
00:55:56,460 --> 00:55:58,230
Now, you can go down the line,

960
00:55:58,230 --> 00:56:00,720
and you can take a look
at Benito Arias Montano,

961
00:56:00,720 --> 00:56:03,630
another scholar, 1569.

962
00:56:03,630 --> 00:56:06,150
You can take a look at
scholars in the 17th century,

963
00:56:06,150 --> 00:56:10,710
such as John Wilkins did a
study on the ark in 1668,

964
00:56:10,710 --> 00:56:14,640
followed by Matthew Poole in
1669 and I have his commentary

965
00:56:14,640 --> 00:56:18,450
and he discusses Hebrew
he discusses also the fact

966
00:56:18,450 --> 00:56:21,150
that the New Testament calls it a kibotos,

967
00:56:21,150 --> 00:56:25,740
Noah's kibotos and that is
a box or chest specifically

968
00:56:25,740 --> 00:56:26,763
made out of wood.

969
00:56:27,630 --> 00:56:29,400
And this is important
because some people say,

970
00:56:29,400 --> 00:56:32,340
well, wait a minute how
come in the Septuagint

971
00:56:32,340 --> 00:56:34,800
that is the Greek version
of the Old Testament,

972
00:56:34,800 --> 00:56:36,840
translated well before the time of Christ

973
00:56:36,840 --> 00:56:39,870
by supposedly 70 to 72 scholars.

974
00:56:39,870 --> 00:56:42,990
These were Hebrew scholars,
Jewish individuals.

975
00:56:42,990 --> 00:56:47,990
If kibotos is a good substitute
for the Hebrew word tebah,

976
00:56:48,840 --> 00:56:53,840
then why is it not used
for the vessel of Moses?

977
00:56:53,970 --> 00:56:56,640
Because in Exodus 2:3, we
see exactly the same word

978
00:56:56,640 --> 00:57:01,110
in Hebrew, tebah, that Moses' mother took.

979
00:57:01,110 --> 00:57:06,110
that meant procured or had
made, and she took this tebah,

980
00:57:06,300 --> 00:57:08,430
which was made out of papyrus reeds.

981
00:57:08,430 --> 00:57:10,140
And some people say it's obvious

982
00:57:10,140 --> 00:57:14,880
if it's made out of papyrus
reeds, it cannot be square.

983
00:57:14,880 --> 00:57:17,070
Well, that's actually just totally false.

984
00:57:17,070 --> 00:57:20,460
I spent much time studying

985
00:57:20,460 --> 00:57:22,740
the archaeology of the ancient Egyptians.

986
00:57:22,740 --> 00:57:25,440
And what you'll find is from
the very earliest dynasties

987
00:57:25,440 --> 00:57:28,290
all the way through the
time of Moses afterwards,

988
00:57:28,290 --> 00:57:32,190
that the Egyptians made
many box-shaped vessels

989
00:57:32,190 --> 00:57:33,900
out of papyrus reeds.

990
00:57:33,900 --> 00:57:36,330
Now, if we take the text as written,

991
00:57:36,330 --> 00:57:40,710
she was to take a chest
made out of papyrus reeds.

992
00:57:40,710 --> 00:57:42,480
The interesting thing is,

993
00:57:42,480 --> 00:57:47,460
the Egyptians actually did make
chests out of papyrus reeds.

994
00:57:47,460 --> 00:57:50,790
They weren't actually
baskets, they were chests.

995
00:57:50,790 --> 00:57:52,770
Now, if I was going to put
my baby in the Nile River,

996
00:57:52,770 --> 00:57:54,780
I think I'd want some
kind of inherent covering

997
00:57:54,780 --> 00:57:56,970
so that the birds and vultures

998
00:57:56,970 --> 00:57:58,800
don't pick the eyeballs out of them.

999
00:57:58,800 --> 00:58:02,010
Now, kind of a weird thing to
think about, but it's true.

1000
00:58:02,010 --> 00:58:04,350
So everything in scripture is consistent.

1001
00:58:04,350 --> 00:58:06,300
It meshes together.

1002
00:58:06,300 --> 00:58:10,650
God told Noah, "Build
thee an ark" in English.

1003
00:58:10,650 --> 00:58:13,080
And that word in English
comes from the Latin "arca"

1004
00:58:13,080 --> 00:58:16,200
which also means a box or a chest.

1005
00:58:16,200 --> 00:58:18,930
So the very fact that we're
talking about an ark in English,

1006
00:58:18,930 --> 00:58:20,910
most of us don't know the
real definition of it,

1007
00:58:20,910 --> 00:58:22,950
but an ark is a chest or a box.

1008
00:58:22,950 --> 00:58:25,130
And that goes back to the word "kibotos"

1009
00:58:25,130 --> 00:58:28,440
in the New Testament, as well as "tebah"

1010
00:58:28,440 --> 00:58:29,760
in the Old Testament.

1011
00:58:29,760 --> 00:58:32,550
Some believe that "tebah"
is an Egyptian loan word

1012
00:58:32,550 --> 00:58:37,080
from "debat," which means
a chest or a coffin.

1013
00:58:37,080 --> 00:58:40,320
So from scripture alone,
it has been studied dozens

1014
00:58:40,320 --> 00:58:41,760
and dozens of times,

1015
00:58:41,760 --> 00:58:44,160
and whether you're talking
about Martin Luther,

1016
00:58:44,160 --> 00:58:47,730
Johannes Buteo, Benito Arias Montano,

1017
00:58:47,730 --> 00:58:51,930
John Wilkins, Matthew
Poole, Athanasius Kircher,

1018
00:58:51,930 --> 00:58:52,950
and many others,

1019
00:58:52,950 --> 00:58:55,590
they all basically came
to the same conclusion

1020
00:58:55,590 --> 00:58:58,260
a box-like vessel with the dimensions

1021
00:58:58,260 --> 00:58:59,400
that are given in Genesis,

1022
00:58:59,400 --> 00:59:02,670
300 cubits by 50 cubits by 30 cubits.

1023
00:59:02,670 --> 00:59:07,470
Now sometimes the roof system
of these vessels differed

1024
00:59:07,470 --> 00:59:09,810
because scripture doesn't
give us those specifics,

1025
00:59:09,810 --> 00:59:11,850
sometimes the roofs came to a point,

1026
00:59:11,850 --> 00:59:13,860
sometimes they were completely flat,

1027
00:59:13,860 --> 00:59:16,740
sometimes they were vaulted or rounded.

1028
00:59:16,740 --> 00:59:20,160
But nevertheless, dozens
and dozens of scholars

1029
00:59:20,160 --> 00:59:22,230
have already looked at the Bible alone,

1030
00:59:22,230 --> 00:59:24,120
and they have come up with fundamentally

1031
00:59:24,120 --> 00:59:25,410
the same conclusion.

1032
00:59:25,410 --> 00:59:28,530
Over 90% of the scholars
from the early 1500s

1033
00:59:28,530 --> 00:59:31,980
to the early 1700s agreed
on what the Ark looked like

1034
00:59:31,980 --> 00:59:33,870
from the Bible alone.

1035
00:59:33,870 --> 00:59:35,580
Now, here's what's interesting.

1036
00:59:35,580 --> 00:59:39,480
When you take a look at what
the early church believed

1037
00:59:39,480 --> 00:59:42,630
about Noah's Ark, now,
there was discussion

1038
00:59:42,630 --> 00:59:44,700
amongst individuals such as Origen,

1039
00:59:44,700 --> 00:59:45,533
trying to figure out

1040
00:59:45,533 --> 00:59:48,300
how do all these animals fit on the Ark.

1041
00:59:48,300 --> 00:59:51,930
And so, he actually decided that the cubit

1042
00:59:51,930 --> 00:59:54,180
that was being used in scripture

1043
00:59:54,180 --> 00:59:58,410
was the Egyptian geometric
cubit, almost 10 feet.

1044
00:59:58,410 --> 01:00:02,280
Now in 1554, Johannes
Buteo says, "This is crazy.

1045
01:00:02,280 --> 01:00:04,170
A normal cubit of about a foot and a half

1046
01:00:04,170 --> 01:00:06,030
or 18 inches would be sufficient

1047
01:00:06,030 --> 01:00:08,130
to fit all the animals required."

1048
01:00:08,130 --> 01:00:12,150
You see, and so origin actually
stretched this way beyond

1049
01:00:12,150 --> 01:00:13,560
what it needed to be.

1050
01:00:13,560 --> 01:00:15,690
Johannes Buteo points out in 1554

1051
01:00:15,690 --> 01:00:18,513
that if we're consistent
with that particular cubit,

1052
01:00:19,560 --> 01:00:24,180
then we have David and Goliath,
and David reaches down,

1053
01:00:24,180 --> 01:00:26,040
and he picks up the head of Goliath,

1054
01:00:26,040 --> 01:00:29,010
which now is almost 10 feet in diameter.

1055
01:00:29,010 --> 01:00:31,530
Of course, an absolute impossibility.

1056
01:00:31,530 --> 01:00:33,960
And so it's clear that
we're talking about probably

1057
01:00:33,960 --> 01:00:36,990
an 18 to maybe 22, 22.5 inch cubit.

1058
01:00:36,990 --> 01:00:41,250
A regular cubit, not an
Egyptian geometrical cubit.

1059
01:00:41,250 --> 01:00:45,030
Nevertheless, the early church
did quite a bit of artwork

1060
01:00:45,030 --> 01:00:47,880
related to Noah and the ark.

1061
01:00:47,880 --> 01:00:50,070
For example, there are several depictions

1062
01:00:50,070 --> 01:00:54,030
that are found under the city
of Rome in the catacombs.

1063
01:00:54,030 --> 01:00:57,300
And what you'll often
find is Noah standing

1064
01:00:57,300 --> 01:01:01,140
in a literal box, perhaps
about three feet in diameter,

1065
01:01:01,140 --> 01:01:03,660
just a box floating on the waters.

1066
01:01:03,660 --> 01:01:06,540
And here comes a dove
with an olive branch.

1067
01:01:06,540 --> 01:01:10,170
And Noah has his hands
spread out like this.

1068
01:01:10,170 --> 01:01:13,110
That is the 2nd to 3rd century.

1069
01:01:13,110 --> 01:01:16,470
You'll also find other similar depictions

1070
01:01:16,470 --> 01:01:21,470
of Noah standing in a literal
chest maybe 4.5 feet across.

1071
01:01:21,480 --> 01:01:23,430
You'll see the lid in the background,

1072
01:01:23,430 --> 01:01:26,490
you can see the latch and the keyhole.

1073
01:01:26,490 --> 01:01:31,020
Now this has to get to
certain people's minds

1074
01:01:31,020 --> 01:01:32,700
and get them to ask the question,

1075
01:01:32,700 --> 01:01:35,550
why in the world would anybody

1076
01:01:35,550 --> 01:01:39,180
depict Noah's Ark as a
literal box or chest?

1077
01:01:39,180 --> 01:01:41,100
Well, the answer is actually quite simple,

1078
01:01:41,100 --> 01:01:43,650
because of the words of scripture.

1079
01:01:43,650 --> 01:01:47,340
And so we see that the first
500 years of the early church,

1080
01:01:47,340 --> 01:01:50,340
almost exclusively, they
depict Noah's vessel

1081
01:01:50,340 --> 01:01:53,073
as a literal box or a literal chest.

1082
01:01:54,870 --> 01:01:57,180
If we fast forward a few hundred years,

1083
01:01:57,180 --> 01:01:58,320
a few more hundred years,

1084
01:01:58,320 --> 01:02:00,060
a few more hundred years after that,

1085
01:02:00,060 --> 01:02:02,370
we see that these chests grow in size.

1086
01:02:02,370 --> 01:02:03,570
They become bigger.

1087
01:02:03,570 --> 01:02:05,070
They become larger.

1088
01:02:05,070 --> 01:02:08,700
And finally, at about the
time of the Reformation,

1089
01:02:08,700 --> 01:02:11,970
We see that the scholars not
only took the basic shape

1090
01:02:11,970 --> 01:02:13,590
that's discussed in scripture,

1091
01:02:13,590 --> 01:02:15,720
but they took the details
and the dimensions

1092
01:02:15,720 --> 01:02:17,760
that are discussed in the book of Genesis,

1093
01:02:17,760 --> 01:02:21,540
and they put them together
to finally accurately depict

1094
01:02:21,540 --> 01:02:25,747
this box-like chest-shaped
structure known as today,

1095
01:02:25,747 --> 01:02:26,757
"Noah's Ark."

1096
01:02:28,890 --> 01:02:32,670
- So we know that the Ark
would have been box-shaped.

1097
01:02:32,670 --> 01:02:36,480
The whole point of the Ark
was not to transit anywhere,

1098
01:02:36,480 --> 01:02:40,530
but rather its purpose was
simply to survive the flood.

1099
01:02:40,530 --> 01:02:44,070
The conventional ship
shape was not needed,

1100
01:02:44,070 --> 01:02:45,213
only a barge shape.

1101
01:02:46,320 --> 01:02:48,420
But many engineers and
sceptics have claimed

1102
01:02:48,420 --> 01:02:52,380
that such a large ship could
not be built out of wood.

1103
01:02:52,380 --> 01:02:54,960
Now, they speak by the
experience of those in England

1104
01:02:54,960 --> 01:02:56,880
who, in the middle ages,

1105
01:02:56,880 --> 01:02:59,790
attempted to build very
large wooden ships.

1106
01:02:59,790 --> 01:03:03,240
The ships would break apart
under their own weight

1107
01:03:03,240 --> 01:03:05,013
and the stresses of the waves.

1108
01:03:06,240 --> 01:03:10,560
The English were building wooden
ships a mere 300 feet long,

1109
01:03:10,560 --> 01:03:13,590
with steel reinforcing,
and gaps would appear

1110
01:03:13,590 --> 01:03:16,203
in the hull of the ship letting water in.

1111
01:03:17,280 --> 01:03:19,080
Such arguments actually reveal

1112
01:03:19,080 --> 01:03:22,020
a bit of modern-day arrogance.

1113
01:03:22,020 --> 01:03:25,080
We can't do it, therefore
it cannot be done.

1114
01:03:25,080 --> 01:03:27,390
After all, we're smarter
than our ancestors,

1115
01:03:27,390 --> 01:03:30,483
we have modern technology
and stuff, right?

1116
01:03:31,440 --> 01:03:33,870
And yet there is still much contention

1117
01:03:33,870 --> 01:03:36,150
over how the ancients built things

1118
01:03:36,150 --> 01:03:39,060
like the pyramids of Egypt.

1119
01:03:39,060 --> 01:03:42,390
The Trilithon stones of Baalbek in Lebanon

1120
01:03:42,390 --> 01:03:45,720
were used to the foundation
of the temple of Jupiter.

1121
01:03:45,720 --> 01:03:50,720
The stones are an estimated
1,000 tonnes each.

1122
01:03:51,180 --> 01:03:54,120
We have essentially one
crane in the entire world

1123
01:03:54,120 --> 01:03:55,890
that can lift those stones,

1124
01:03:55,890 --> 01:03:59,103
yet the ancients somehow
built a temple with them.

1125
01:03:59,970 --> 01:04:03,570
You can quickly see why
some have appealed to aliens

1126
01:04:03,570 --> 01:04:06,510
and superior technology, it is a mystery

1127
01:04:06,510 --> 01:04:08,940
as to how on earth the ancients

1128
01:04:08,940 --> 01:04:11,013
could have accomplished such a feat.

1129
01:04:12,000 --> 01:04:16,143
The reality is, it was
just built by smart people.

1130
01:04:16,980 --> 01:04:18,840
Once carving the stone,

1131
01:04:18,840 --> 01:04:22,410
one simply builds wheels
around the stones,

1132
01:04:22,410 --> 01:04:25,503
which are then literally
rolled into place.

1133
01:04:26,700 --> 01:04:28,290
So we see the ancients performing

1134
01:04:28,290 --> 01:04:33,290
incredible engineering feats
at least 2,000 years ago

1135
01:04:33,360 --> 01:04:35,670
that rival what we can do

1136
01:04:35,670 --> 01:04:39,663
with our alleged modern
technologies and machinery.

1137
01:04:42,570 --> 01:04:45,960
As Mladyov and Mladyov
point out in their paper,

1138
01:04:45,960 --> 01:04:48,630
the construction of the
Great Pyramid of Giza

1139
01:04:48,630 --> 01:04:52,740
was a monumental project
on multiple levels.

1140
01:04:52,740 --> 01:04:55,260
We know approximately how long it took

1141
01:04:55,260 --> 01:04:56,913
to build the Great Pyramid.

1142
01:04:58,020 --> 01:05:00,120
According to Herodotus,

1143
01:05:00,120 --> 01:05:04,170
it was all constructed during
the reign of Pharaoh Khufu,

1144
01:05:04,170 --> 01:05:07,530
which was a maximum of 23 years.

1145
01:05:07,530 --> 01:05:10,560
The workers cut, moved and emplaced

1146
01:05:10,560 --> 01:05:15,560
an estimated 2.3 million stones
just in the Great Pyramid.

1147
01:05:17,190 --> 01:05:22,190
If we use 23 years as figure,
working 365 days a year,

1148
01:05:22,950 --> 01:05:27,510
that's 8,395 days to
construct the pyramid.

1149
01:05:27,510 --> 01:05:32,510
That means cutting, moving and
placing 274 blocks per day,

1150
01:05:34,320 --> 01:05:35,700
with the blocks weighing an average

1151
01:05:35,700 --> 01:05:38,133
of almost three tonnes each.

1152
01:05:39,060 --> 01:05:41,760
Think about how this could
be done in modern times.

1153
01:05:41,760 --> 01:05:44,730
Even with modern, heavy
equipment involved,

1154
01:05:44,730 --> 01:05:47,460
it would be a daunting task.

1155
01:05:47,460 --> 01:05:50,490
Some of the blocks found by Egyptologists

1156
01:05:50,490 --> 01:05:55,290
had the words "this side up"
written in hieroglyphics.

1157
01:05:55,290 --> 01:05:57,240
The explanation is simple.

1158
01:05:57,240 --> 01:06:00,060
Just like the Trilithon stones of Baalbek,

1159
01:06:00,060 --> 01:06:03,240
the blocks were simply
rolled from the quarry

1160
01:06:03,240 --> 01:06:06,810
to the construction
site using the "rockers"

1161
01:06:06,810 --> 01:06:09,240
that Egyptologists have found.

1162
01:06:09,240 --> 01:06:12,633
Four rockers convert
the block into a wheel.

1163
01:06:13,590 --> 01:06:15,180
Not far from Egypt,

1164
01:06:15,180 --> 01:06:17,520
in an ancient shipwreck
found off the coast

1165
01:06:17,520 --> 01:06:20,160
of the Greek island Antikythera,

1166
01:06:20,160 --> 01:06:23,160
we find incredible ancient technologies,

1167
01:06:23,160 --> 01:06:27,060
such as the Antikytheran mechanism,

1168
01:06:27,060 --> 01:06:30,000
an incredibly complex geared device

1169
01:06:30,000 --> 01:06:34,140
which predicted the locations
of the planets and moons.

1170
01:06:34,140 --> 01:06:38,160
It was estimated to be
about 2,000 years old.

1171
01:06:38,160 --> 01:06:40,290
The complexity of this
device rivalled that

1172
01:06:40,290 --> 01:06:45,240
of complex mechanical systems
not known until 1900 years

1173
01:06:45,240 --> 01:06:46,413
after its construction.

1174
01:06:47,340 --> 01:06:50,310
Did the ancients really lack intellect

1175
01:06:50,310 --> 01:06:52,023
and technical knowledge?

1176
01:06:54,282 --> 01:06:57,720
The most shocking of all is
that during the early 1400's,

1177
01:06:57,720 --> 01:07:02,310
the Chinese built a fleet of
"treasure junks" or ships,

1178
01:07:02,310 --> 01:07:05,460
which some estimates
say were up to 600 feet

1179
01:07:05,460 --> 01:07:10,460
or 180 metres long, one-third
again larger than Noah's ark.

1180
01:07:10,830 --> 01:07:13,440
They had nine masts made from bamboo

1181
01:07:13,440 --> 01:07:17,220
and were reported to carry
500 passengers or more,

1182
01:07:17,220 --> 01:07:20,643
as well as an enormous
amount of cargo, treasure.

1183
01:07:21,600 --> 01:07:24,690
Of course, sceptics incited
engineering specifications,

1184
01:07:24,690 --> 01:07:27,780
saying such ships were impossibly large.

1185
01:07:27,780 --> 01:07:31,050
They couldn't possibly stay
afloat without breaking up.

1186
01:07:31,050 --> 01:07:35,550
Then in 1962, the rudder post
of one of these treasure ships

1187
01:07:35,550 --> 01:07:38,370
was excavated by archaeologists.

1188
01:07:38,370 --> 01:07:41,550
The rudder post was 36 feet long,

1189
01:07:41,550 --> 01:07:45,243
indicating a ship upwards
around 500 feet long.

1190
01:07:46,680 --> 01:07:49,530
Just because we don't
know how they did it,

1191
01:07:49,530 --> 01:07:52,050
does not mean they couldn't do it.

1192
01:07:52,050 --> 01:07:53,910
And so it is with Noah.

1193
01:07:53,910 --> 01:07:56,520
Just because we don't know how he did it,

1194
01:07:56,520 --> 01:07:58,683
does not mean he couldn't do it.

1195
01:08:00,540 --> 01:08:04,530
The Bible tells us that God
specifically instructed Noah

1196
01:08:04,530 --> 01:08:07,023
to build the ark out of gopher wood.

1197
01:08:08,160 --> 01:08:09,693
What on earth is gopher wood?

1198
01:08:10,650 --> 01:08:14,370
The word is unique, appearing
only once in the Bible.

1199
01:08:14,370 --> 01:08:17,883
God's instructions unto Noah
on how to build the ark.

1200
01:08:18,840 --> 01:08:21,213
Now, there is no gopher tree.

1201
01:08:22,500 --> 01:08:24,000
As Arnold Mendez points out,

1202
01:08:24,000 --> 01:08:27,060
we can deduce what the gopher wood is

1203
01:08:27,060 --> 01:08:31,620
and also obtain some
profound theological insight

1204
01:08:31,620 --> 01:08:33,690
which may enlighten us
in our understanding

1205
01:08:33,690 --> 01:08:36,453
of this strange war on Noah's flood.

1206
01:08:37,770 --> 01:08:41,100
When we look up the word
"gopher" in the dictionary,

1207
01:08:41,100 --> 01:08:44,610
we find many forms of the word.

1208
01:08:44,610 --> 01:08:48,840
Gopher, gofer, gaufer and gaufre.

1209
01:08:48,840 --> 01:08:52,350
They all refer to a laminating
or layering process,

1210
01:08:52,350 --> 01:08:54,120
such as the layers of a biscuit

1211
01:08:54,120 --> 01:08:56,700
or the layers of lace in a dress.

1212
01:08:56,700 --> 01:09:00,840
- [Narrator] The French settlers
named groundhogs gophers

1213
01:09:00,840 --> 01:09:03,900
because they dug tunnels
underground in layers.

1214
01:09:03,900 --> 01:09:06,300
Gophers were actually
named after the layering

1215
01:09:06,300 --> 01:09:07,980
or wafer process.

1216
01:09:07,980 --> 01:09:09,450
In fact, here in Canada,

1217
01:09:09,450 --> 01:09:12,150
where we have two official
languages on everything,

1218
01:09:12,150 --> 01:09:15,060
you can even see gopher on this package

1219
01:09:15,060 --> 01:09:16,800
of sugar wafer cookies.

1220
01:09:16,800 --> 01:09:19,320
The cookies are layered wafers.

1221
01:09:19,320 --> 01:09:23,940
Gopher is not a type of wood,
but rather a wood process.

1222
01:09:23,940 --> 01:09:27,840
A cross-laminating of
wood into layered sheets,

1223
01:09:27,840 --> 01:09:30,570
using pitch within and without.

1224
01:09:30,570 --> 01:09:34,800
Tradition states that Noah
used a form of birchbark resin

1225
01:09:34,800 --> 01:09:37,020
to glue the gopher wood together.

1226
01:09:37,020 --> 01:09:39,150
The Greeks and Romans were known

1227
01:09:39,150 --> 01:09:41,700
to use birchbark resin as well.

1228
01:09:41,700 --> 01:09:44,310
In fact, Neanderthal spears were found

1229
01:09:44,310 --> 01:09:47,250
to have their spearheads glued on with it.

1230
01:09:47,250 --> 01:09:49,350
It was astonishingly strong,

1231
01:09:49,350 --> 01:09:52,170
rivalling our modern-day superglues.

1232
01:09:52,170 --> 01:09:56,820
Again, we see how our ancestors
were anything but stupid.

1233
01:09:56,820 --> 01:10:00,270
In fact, birchbark resin
is simple to make as well.

1234
01:10:00,270 --> 01:10:03,990
Noah's family would simply
put birch bark in a vessel,

1235
01:10:03,990 --> 01:10:05,913
specially made for the job.

1236
01:10:06,870 --> 01:10:09,240
It had a lid to keep oxygen out,

1237
01:10:09,240 --> 01:10:10,770
and a hole in the bottom

1238
01:10:10,770 --> 01:10:13,440
from which the birch oil would drip.

1239
01:10:13,440 --> 01:10:16,710
Loading it with birch bark, a
fire is built around the pot

1240
01:10:16,710 --> 01:10:19,500
which literally bakes
the oil out of the bark.

1241
01:10:19,500 --> 01:10:23,070
The oil drips from the
hole into a catch pot.

1242
01:10:23,070 --> 01:10:25,920
The oil is then further refined over heat

1243
01:10:25,920 --> 01:10:28,200
to get it at just the right temperature.

1244
01:10:28,200 --> 01:10:31,860
When it is poured out onto
the wood, it quickly hardens

1245
01:10:31,860 --> 01:10:34,620
into a strong, almost plastic state.

1246
01:10:34,620 --> 01:10:38,280
It acts as both a glue
and a waterproof sealant

1247
01:10:38,280 --> 01:10:39,720
for the gopher wood.

1248
01:10:39,720 --> 01:10:43,440
Noah was instructed to put
pitch both on the inside

1249
01:10:43,440 --> 01:10:45,600
and outside of the walls.

1250
01:10:45,600 --> 01:10:47,700
Obviously, it's waterproof.

1251
01:10:47,700 --> 01:10:50,250
The reality is that Noah's Ark

1252
01:10:50,250 --> 01:10:54,060
was made of essentially
really thick plywood.

1253
01:10:54,060 --> 01:10:57,420
- But not only was the
construction unusually strong,

1254
01:10:57,420 --> 01:11:00,180
they also had different
building materials.

1255
01:11:00,180 --> 01:11:01,290
Remember how we mentioned

1256
01:11:01,290 --> 01:11:03,960
that plants were larger in the past?

1257
01:11:03,960 --> 01:11:07,110
Well, trees were no exception.

1258
01:11:07,110 --> 01:11:09,780
And fossil trees have been
found that were estimated to be

1259
01:11:09,780 --> 01:11:14,780
at least 450 feet, or 135 metres tall.

1260
01:11:15,390 --> 01:11:16,560
- [Narrator] By comparison,

1261
01:11:16,560 --> 01:11:20,400
the statue of Christ the Redeemer
in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,

1262
01:11:20,400 --> 01:11:23,430
is 125 feet tall.

1263
01:11:23,430 --> 01:11:27,900
The Statue of Liberty is 151 feet tall,

1264
01:11:27,900 --> 01:11:32,340
and the Brooklyn Bridge rises to 276 feet.

1265
01:11:32,340 --> 01:11:36,660
Even the Great Pyramid
at Giza is 430 feet high.

1266
01:11:36,660 --> 01:11:40,950
Now imagine trees that were 450 feet tall.

1267
01:11:40,950 --> 01:11:43,020
- That means that Noah could possibly

1268
01:11:43,020 --> 01:11:45,810
have used full-length beams of wood

1269
01:11:45,810 --> 01:11:47,850
with which to build his ark.

1270
01:11:47,850 --> 01:11:51,030
This would mean the ship
could be built with very few,

1271
01:11:51,030 --> 01:11:56,030
possibly no joints in the
entire length of the hull.

1272
01:11:56,040 --> 01:11:58,950
Thus, he did not have the weak joints

1273
01:11:58,950 --> 01:12:02,550
which we have to put into
our modern ships today,

1274
01:12:02,550 --> 01:12:05,670
due to the size limitations of our trees.

1275
01:12:05,670 --> 01:12:07,860
- [Narrator] But there are multiple ways

1276
01:12:07,860 --> 01:12:12,210
in which one could laminate
the wood to construct the ark.

1277
01:12:12,210 --> 01:12:16,020
You could stack the wood in
layers on top of each other,

1278
01:12:16,020 --> 01:12:17,970
much like how the grain elevators

1279
01:12:17,970 --> 01:12:19,860
of the West were constructed.

1280
01:12:19,860 --> 01:12:23,670
But most likely what Noah did
was to construct the walls

1281
01:12:23,670 --> 01:12:26,550
in vertical layers, like this.

1282
01:12:26,550 --> 01:12:27,900
Think of a bridge.

1283
01:12:27,900 --> 01:12:31,260
If a bridge is constructed
with square elements

1284
01:12:31,260 --> 01:12:36,260
at 90 degree angles, the
bridge won't be very strong.

1285
01:12:36,570 --> 01:12:38,880
When a downward force is applied,

1286
01:12:38,880 --> 01:12:41,220
like when a vehicle
goes across the bridge,

1287
01:12:41,220 --> 01:12:44,943
it will bend, and then in time will break.

1288
01:12:45,810 --> 01:12:50,490
The highest strength of wood
is in its tensile strength.

1289
01:12:50,490 --> 01:12:54,150
That is, when it is
pulled along the grain.

1290
01:12:54,150 --> 01:12:55,980
Taking this fact into account,

1291
01:12:55,980 --> 01:12:59,310
you can make the bridge incredibly strong

1292
01:12:59,310 --> 01:13:02,160
by making cross-strengthening X's.

1293
01:13:02,160 --> 01:13:05,010
If there's a vehicle in
the centre of the bridge,

1294
01:13:05,010 --> 01:13:08,340
its weight is acting
downward on the bridge,

1295
01:13:08,340 --> 01:13:12,000
and it's pulling these diagonal members.

1296
01:13:12,000 --> 01:13:14,910
This is called being in tension.

1297
01:13:14,910 --> 01:13:18,120
To balance that out, when it
hits this vertical member,

1298
01:13:18,120 --> 01:13:20,730
this one is in compression.

1299
01:13:20,730 --> 01:13:22,500
We follow that to the end.

1300
01:13:22,500 --> 01:13:26,760
Tension, compression,
tension, compression.

1301
01:13:26,760 --> 01:13:29,850
Noah's Ark was essentially a box.

1302
01:13:29,850 --> 01:13:32,040
Any stress pushing down
on one of the walls

1303
01:13:32,040 --> 01:13:35,520
would make the wall want
to flex and fall flat.

1304
01:13:35,520 --> 01:13:40,020
If you make a box, the entire
box will want to fall flat.

1305
01:13:40,020 --> 01:13:43,560
If you add X structures to
the wall, it will distribute

1306
01:13:43,560 --> 01:13:46,620
the load and strengthen
the wall considerably.

1307
01:13:46,620 --> 01:13:49,620
If you do the same with
the top, bottom and sides,

1308
01:13:49,620 --> 01:13:52,890
then this box will be incredibly strong.

1309
01:13:52,890 --> 01:13:56,700
Now envision many, many of
these X structures built

1310
01:13:56,700 --> 01:13:58,800
into the walls of Noah's Ark,

1311
01:13:58,800 --> 01:14:01,440
layer upon layer of these X structures.

1312
01:14:01,440 --> 01:14:04,920
This would make the Ark incredibly strong.

1313
01:14:04,920 --> 01:14:08,340
As it turns out, even the
layered construction method

1314
01:14:08,340 --> 01:14:13,340
of Noah's Ark had profound
divine inspiration and symbolism.

1315
01:14:14,310 --> 01:14:17,910
- In the original Hebrew
language, that word "gopher"

1316
01:14:17,910 --> 01:14:22,910
is very similar to two other
words, "kofer" and "kaphar."

1317
01:14:23,730 --> 01:14:25,410
Often in Hebrew, related words

1318
01:14:25,410 --> 01:14:28,380
are found to have one minor change,

1319
01:14:28,380 --> 01:14:32,430
and this produces a profound
play on words in the Hebrew

1320
01:14:32,430 --> 01:14:34,530
as all three related words

1321
01:14:34,530 --> 01:14:38,040
were carefully used to
describe the construction

1322
01:14:38,040 --> 01:14:39,183
of the Ark of Noah.

1323
01:14:40,357 --> 01:14:43,890
"Kaphar" means to purge,
make an atonement,

1324
01:14:43,890 --> 01:14:47,707
make reconciliation, or
to cover over with pitch.

1325
01:14:47,707 --> 01:14:51,930
"Kopher" means the price of
a life, a ransom, a bribe,

1326
01:14:51,930 --> 01:14:55,443
asphalt, a covering of pitch,
or the name of a plant.

1327
01:14:56,790 --> 01:15:01,147
When we read Genesis 6:14
with these words we read,

1328
01:15:01,147 --> 01:15:03,360
"Make thee an ark of gopher wood;

1329
01:15:03,360 --> 01:15:06,930
rooms shalt thou make in
the ark, and shalt kaphar it

1330
01:15:06,930 --> 01:15:09,357
within and without with kopher."

1331
01:15:10,650 --> 01:15:13,860
The play on words harkens
back to the sacrifice

1332
01:15:13,860 --> 01:15:17,670
which covers our sins, an atonement.

1333
01:15:17,670 --> 01:15:19,980
Jesus Christ is presented
in the scriptures

1334
01:15:19,980 --> 01:15:22,200
as our atonement,

1335
01:15:22,200 --> 01:15:24,990
the Son of God who would
be sacrificed for us

1336
01:15:24,990 --> 01:15:27,180
to cover our sins.

1337
01:15:27,180 --> 01:15:29,070
The Apostle Paul took it a step farther,

1338
01:15:29,070 --> 01:15:32,820
saying that we "put on
Christ like a garment,"

1339
01:15:32,820 --> 01:15:34,173
Christ covers us.

1340
01:15:35,250 --> 01:15:38,700
So even the very method of
construction of Noah's Ark

1341
01:15:38,700 --> 01:15:41,040
was symbolic of Christ.

1342
01:15:41,040 --> 01:15:45,030
The Ark was an atonement,
even using the same word

1343
01:15:45,030 --> 01:15:47,673
for Christ elsewhere in the Bible.

1344
01:15:49,980 --> 01:15:52,860
But the symbolism between
Noah's Ark and Christ

1345
01:15:52,860 --> 01:15:56,583
goes far beyond the
construction of the craft.

1346
01:15:57,810 --> 01:16:02,130
In fact, the powerful and
meticulous allusions to Christ

1347
01:16:02,130 --> 01:16:04,230
may be one of the very reasons

1348
01:16:04,230 --> 01:16:07,860
why people are so
tenacious in their attack

1349
01:16:07,860 --> 01:16:11,010
on the story of Noah and the flood.

1350
01:16:11,010 --> 01:16:14,640
Noah's flood was the first
judgement on all of mankind.

1351
01:16:14,640 --> 01:16:18,420
From 120 years, Noah warned
the people of God's judgement

1352
01:16:18,420 --> 01:16:21,240
to come and pointed to the ark

1353
01:16:21,240 --> 01:16:24,450
as salvation from the judgement to come,

1354
01:16:24,450 --> 01:16:25,983
provided freely by God.

1355
01:16:26,970 --> 01:16:30,990
All the people had to do
was heed the warning, obey,

1356
01:16:30,990 --> 01:16:32,250
and get on the ship.

1357
01:16:32,250 --> 01:16:35,460
- [Narrator] 2,500 years later,

1358
01:16:35,460 --> 01:16:39,210
a man claiming to be
the son of that same God

1359
01:16:39,210 --> 01:16:40,410
came to earth.

1360
01:16:40,410 --> 01:16:42,570
There is only two places in the Bible

1361
01:16:42,570 --> 01:16:46,110
where God sent an angel to name
a baby that was to be born.

1362
01:16:46,110 --> 01:16:50,040
Mary, the mother of
Jesus, and to Zacharias,

1363
01:16:50,040 --> 01:16:53,250
the father of the man who
would be Jesus' cousin,

1364
01:16:53,250 --> 01:16:54,660
John the Baptist.

1365
01:16:54,660 --> 01:16:58,350
One could understand why
God would go out of his way

1366
01:16:58,350 --> 01:17:00,990
to send an angel to name the baby

1367
01:17:00,990 --> 01:17:03,630
that would be God's only begotten son.

1368
01:17:03,630 --> 01:17:06,720
But it is highly unusual
the lengths that God went

1369
01:17:06,720 --> 01:17:11,720
to tell Zacharias to name his
son of miraculous birth, John.

1370
01:17:12,000 --> 01:17:13,500
Why John?

1371
01:17:13,500 --> 01:17:16,410
We read that John the
Baptist was the voice

1372
01:17:16,410 --> 01:17:19,770
in the wilderness who would
symbolically baptise people

1373
01:17:19,770 --> 01:17:20,943
in the Jordan River.

1374
01:17:24,000 --> 01:17:28,830
Ultimately, he was to
baptise Jesus Christ himself.

1375
01:17:28,830 --> 01:17:31,580
(dramatic music)

1376
01:17:37,110 --> 01:17:41,010
And God would show John a
sign so that he would know

1377
01:17:41,010 --> 01:17:45,453
that Jesus was the Christ, God's only Son.

1378
01:17:46,590 --> 01:17:51,590
The sign was the Spirit of
God, descending upon Christ

1379
01:17:51,690 --> 01:17:54,393
in the form of a dove.

1380
01:17:57,570 --> 01:18:01,290
We must first ask, why on
earth was John performing

1381
01:18:01,290 --> 01:18:03,780
this strange ritual known as baptism?

1382
01:18:03,780 --> 01:18:07,230
Well, baptism was
symbolic of Noah's flood.

1383
01:18:07,230 --> 01:18:10,530
In fact, this entire event was
to bring home the symbolism

1384
01:18:10,530 --> 01:18:12,330
of Noah's flood to the Jews

1385
01:18:12,330 --> 01:18:15,873
who intimately knew the
story of Noah and the flood.

1386
01:18:16,710 --> 01:18:19,710
At the end of the flood,
Noah had released a dove

1387
01:18:19,710 --> 01:18:22,530
which first came back with
an olive branch showing

1388
01:18:22,530 --> 01:18:26,313
that dry land was available
again and plants were growing.

1389
01:18:27,180 --> 01:18:29,430
When Noah released the dove again,

1390
01:18:29,430 --> 01:18:34,430
it never returned until the
time Christ was baptised.

1391
01:18:35,730 --> 01:18:39,510
Why did the Spirit of God
take on the form of a dove?

1392
01:18:39,510 --> 01:18:43,290
Because it was symbolising
Noah and the great judgement ,

1393
01:18:43,290 --> 01:18:44,250
the flood.

1394
01:18:44,250 --> 01:18:48,900
- John the Baptist was even
given the same name as Noah.

1395
01:18:48,900 --> 01:18:52,083
Hebrew reads from right to left.

1396
01:18:53,130 --> 01:18:55,800
And Noah is spelt in a number of ways,

1397
01:18:55,800 --> 01:19:00,633
Nu, Nun, Noah, Noa, Noe, No, and Nao.

1398
01:19:01,530 --> 01:19:05,940
Many other languages such
as Greek read left to right.

1399
01:19:05,940 --> 01:19:08,970
And so when transliterating
names from Hebrew,

1400
01:19:08,970 --> 01:19:12,180
often the names would be
transliterated backwards

1401
01:19:12,180 --> 01:19:14,940
because the reader was reading
in a different direction

1402
01:19:14,940 --> 01:19:16,500
than the Hebrew.

1403
01:19:16,500 --> 01:19:19,410
And so we see Noah's name
in other languages as,

1404
01:19:19,410 --> 01:19:20,610
Aon, On, Oan.

1405
01:19:22,444 --> 01:19:24,870
And so you can start to
see how the name Noah

1406
01:19:24,870 --> 01:19:27,714
actually appears in other languages.

1407
01:19:27,714 --> 01:19:32,193
Oannes, Johan, Johanne, John, Jan, Ian.

1408
01:19:33,450 --> 01:19:35,760
You can see the feminine forms, Joanne,

1409
01:19:35,760 --> 01:19:40,170
Joanna, Hannah, Ioanna, Joan,
Jan, Jane, Janet, Janice,

1410
01:19:40,170 --> 01:19:41,610
and Jean.

1411
01:19:41,610 --> 01:19:45,843
They are all the same name
and they all mean God's grace.

1412
01:19:47,070 --> 01:19:50,763
But Noah found grace in the eyes of God.

1413
01:19:52,230 --> 01:19:55,380
- [Narrator] Noah was the
voice crying in the wilderness.

1414
01:19:55,380 --> 01:19:57,300
He warned of the judgement to come

1415
01:19:57,300 --> 01:20:00,870
and pointed to the ark of
salvation from this judgement .

1416
01:20:00,870 --> 01:20:04,110
One only needed to believe.

1417
01:20:04,110 --> 01:20:07,170
John the Baptist, even
given the same name as Noah,

1418
01:20:07,170 --> 01:20:09,630
was also the voice in the wilderness,

1419
01:20:09,630 --> 01:20:13,050
warning of the final day
of judgement to come

1420
01:20:13,050 --> 01:20:15,660
and pointing to Christ as the salvation

1421
01:20:15,660 --> 01:20:17,460
from that judgement to come,

1422
01:20:17,460 --> 01:20:21,720
which was freely given to all
who would believe on Christ.

1423
01:20:21,720 --> 01:20:26,280
John baptised Christ,
symbolising the flood of Noah,

1424
01:20:26,280 --> 01:20:29,490
and the Spirit of God
descended upon Christ

1425
01:20:29,490 --> 01:20:33,270
in the form of a dove,
another nod of symbolism

1426
01:20:33,270 --> 01:20:38,220
to the first great judgement
upon mankind, the flood of Noah,

1427
01:20:38,220 --> 01:20:41,490
and a nod to the grace and mercy of God

1428
01:20:41,490 --> 01:20:44,970
to all those who would
simply believe and listen

1429
01:20:44,970 --> 01:20:46,320
to the warning.

1430
01:20:46,320 --> 01:20:50,220
The Bible tells us that God
closed the door on Noah's ark,

1431
01:20:50,220 --> 01:20:54,330
sealing the fate of both who
listened to God's plea to obey

1432
01:20:54,330 --> 01:20:56,970
and those who did not listen.

1433
01:20:56,970 --> 01:21:00,870
For 120 years, Noah warned
the people of the judgement

1434
01:21:00,870 --> 01:21:04,980
to come, and all they had to
do to escape God's judgement

1435
01:21:04,980 --> 01:21:08,190
was believe and take salvation.

1436
01:21:08,190 --> 01:21:11,283
- Whose fault was it
that those people died?

1437
01:21:12,300 --> 01:21:14,943
Whose fault was it that
those children died?

1438
01:21:16,110 --> 01:21:18,480
Like Noah, John the Baptist warned

1439
01:21:18,480 --> 01:21:22,020
of the coming final judgement
and pointed to Christ

1440
01:21:22,020 --> 01:21:25,140
as the salvation from
the judgement to come,

1441
01:21:25,140 --> 01:21:28,023
a judgement that has yet to be seen.

1442
01:21:29,370 --> 01:21:32,910
Perhaps this gives us insight into the war

1443
01:21:32,910 --> 01:21:35,850
against the story of Noah and the flood.

1444
01:21:35,850 --> 01:21:40,440
The evidence all over the world
left behind by Noah's flood

1445
01:21:40,440 --> 01:21:44,940
is a constant reminder
of the judgement of God,

1446
01:21:44,940 --> 01:21:48,180
and a warning of the final judgement ,

1447
01:21:48,180 --> 01:21:52,740
the great white throne
judgement at the end of days.

1448
01:21:52,740 --> 01:21:55,440
Perhaps this war against
the Bible had nothing to do

1449
01:21:55,440 --> 01:21:59,070
with science, but was, understandably,

1450
01:21:59,070 --> 01:22:04,070
people not wanting to be
reminded of their own mortality,

1451
01:22:04,140 --> 01:22:06,930
and the fact that they
were at the mercy of a God

1452
01:22:06,930 --> 01:22:08,823
who could very well judge them.

1453
01:22:10,050 --> 01:22:12,330
Some mock the idea of Noah's flood,

1454
01:22:12,330 --> 01:22:15,270
asking why God couldn't
have been more creative

1455
01:22:15,270 --> 01:22:17,400
in his method of judgement .

1456
01:22:17,400 --> 01:22:19,770
Such mockers fail to realise

1457
01:22:19,770 --> 01:22:24,000
that they have just profoundly
answered their own question.

1458
01:22:24,000 --> 01:22:26,370
If God used something like fire,

1459
01:22:26,370 --> 01:22:29,670
it would essentially
leave behind no evidence.

1460
01:22:29,670 --> 01:22:34,670
Instead, a global flood leaves
behind global scale evidence.

1461
01:22:36,690 --> 01:22:38,280
Evidence so provocative

1462
01:22:38,280 --> 01:22:40,500
that the mockers spend incredible time

1463
01:22:40,500 --> 01:22:45,024
and effort trying to
explain away that evidence.

1464
01:22:45,024 --> 01:22:47,774
(dramatic music)

1465
01:22:55,830 --> 01:22:57,990
- [Narrator] The question
"Did the flood happen?"

1466
01:22:57,990 --> 01:22:59,760
and "How did the flood happen?"

1467
01:22:59,760 --> 01:23:02,430
are two completely separate questions.

1468
01:23:02,430 --> 01:23:04,440
We could affirmatively answer one

1469
01:23:04,440 --> 01:23:06,540
without being able to answer the other,

1470
01:23:06,540 --> 01:23:09,660
we may be able to demonstrate
that a worldwide flood

1471
01:23:09,660 --> 01:23:13,590
did happen and yet not
know the hows or whys.

1472
01:23:13,590 --> 01:23:15,510
We certainly have no lack of records

1473
01:23:15,510 --> 01:23:19,440
of a catastrophic flood that
left an indelible impression

1474
01:23:19,440 --> 01:23:21,540
on the minds of mankind.

1475
01:23:21,540 --> 01:23:24,240
Hundreds of cultures around
the world have legend,

1476
01:23:24,240 --> 01:23:26,490
history or mythology of a time

1477
01:23:26,490 --> 01:23:29,280
when the world was devastated by a flood

1478
01:23:29,280 --> 01:23:32,370
and a scarce few were saved
on board a floating vessel

1479
01:23:32,370 --> 01:23:34,350
of some sort with animals.

1480
01:23:34,350 --> 01:23:37,350
And you need to understand,
this is like wandering

1481
01:23:37,350 --> 01:23:40,440
through the jungles and
encountering a tribe

1482
01:23:40,440 --> 01:23:43,380
that has been isolated
from the rest of the world

1483
01:23:43,380 --> 01:23:45,750
and finding out that they have a story

1484
01:23:45,750 --> 01:23:47,970
like that of Noah and the ark.

1485
01:23:47,970 --> 01:23:51,420
But with all of these stories
of a flood and a boat,

1486
01:23:51,420 --> 01:23:53,640
how do we know which one is correct?

1487
01:23:53,640 --> 01:23:55,830
In fact, many sceptics have claimed

1488
01:23:55,830 --> 01:23:58,530
that the biblical account
of Noah and the ark

1489
01:23:58,530 --> 01:24:02,190
has simply been plagiarised
from the Epic of Gilgamesh,

1490
01:24:02,190 --> 01:24:05,640
an ancient story found
written on clay tablets.

1491
01:24:05,640 --> 01:24:08,250
Such an accusation misses the point

1492
01:24:08,250 --> 01:24:10,620
that perhaps the Epic
of Gilgamesh was written

1493
01:24:10,620 --> 01:24:14,340
with a flood story because
there was a great flood.

1494
01:24:14,340 --> 01:24:17,010
And to determine whether
or not the biblical story

1495
01:24:17,010 --> 01:24:21,120
of Noah and the flood was copied
from the Epic of Gilgamesh,

1496
01:24:21,120 --> 01:24:23,130
one merely has to take the time

1497
01:24:23,130 --> 01:24:25,380
to read the Epic of Gilgamesh

1498
01:24:25,380 --> 01:24:27,270
to see that it is radically different

1499
01:24:27,270 --> 01:24:30,600
than the biblical account
and simply not feasible.

1500
01:24:30,600 --> 01:24:34,740
For instance, the Ark in the
Epic of Gilgamesh was a cube.

1501
01:24:34,740 --> 01:24:37,260
Cubes do not work well in the seas,

1502
01:24:37,260 --> 01:24:39,090
they are horribly unstable,

1503
01:24:39,090 --> 01:24:40,980
and would be constantly flipping.

1504
01:24:40,980 --> 01:24:44,220
On the other hand, models
built to the dimensions

1505
01:24:44,220 --> 01:24:48,000
of Noah's Ark in the Bible
proved incredibly stable

1506
01:24:48,000 --> 01:24:51,330
in wave tank tests, even able to roll up

1507
01:24:51,330 --> 01:24:55,113
to almost 90 degrees and would
still settle out upright.

1508
01:24:56,160 --> 01:24:57,240
Research conducted

1509
01:24:57,240 --> 01:25:00,090
at the world-class
Korean Research Institute

1510
01:25:00,090 --> 01:25:04,770
of Ship and Ocean Facility
in South Korea showed just

1511
01:25:04,770 --> 01:25:08,490
how feasible the design of Noah's Ark was,

1512
01:25:08,490 --> 01:25:11,223
at least according to
the biblical account.

1513
01:25:12,120 --> 01:25:13,770
The other accounts we find around

1514
01:25:13,770 --> 01:25:17,700
the world bear similarities
to the biblical account,

1515
01:25:17,700 --> 01:25:20,430
but have obviously been
distorted over time,

1516
01:25:20,430 --> 01:25:24,420
transforming the accounts
into obvious mythology.

1517
01:25:24,420 --> 01:25:28,560
The biblical account is
the only feasible account.

1518
01:25:28,560 --> 01:25:31,980
Nevertheless, the fact that
we find hundreds of legends,

1519
01:25:31,980 --> 01:25:36,180
myths, and historical
records of a giant flood

1520
01:25:36,180 --> 01:25:41,010
is powerful evidence that there
has been a worldwide flood.

1521
01:25:41,010 --> 01:25:43,770
Once again, we need to
actually look to see

1522
01:25:43,770 --> 01:25:47,340
what the Bible says about
this worldwide flood

1523
01:25:47,340 --> 01:25:51,093
in order to determine what
exactly would have happened.

1524
01:25:51,990 --> 01:25:55,830
We find the flood account
itself in chapter 7 of Genesis.

1525
01:25:55,830 --> 01:25:58,080
In looking at the grammar of the passage,

1526
01:25:58,080 --> 01:26:00,780
Barrack and Sigler pointed out

1527
01:26:00,780 --> 01:26:02,790
that the water did not get high enough

1528
01:26:02,790 --> 01:26:07,050
to float Noah's ark until the 40th day.

1529
01:26:07,050 --> 01:26:09,150
That's over five weeks.

1530
01:26:09,150 --> 01:26:12,090
Noah's flood did not happen overnight

1531
01:26:12,090 --> 01:26:15,630
and the waters continued
to rise for months.

1532
01:26:15,630 --> 01:26:19,110
We read that Noah's Ark
landed on Mount Ararat

1533
01:26:19,110 --> 01:26:21,390
on the 150th day.

1534
01:26:21,390 --> 01:26:24,030
The flood did not happen overnight.

1535
01:26:24,030 --> 01:26:26,460
It took weeks to cover the land.

1536
01:26:26,460 --> 01:26:30,000
So from this description, we
can deduce several things.

1537
01:26:30,000 --> 01:26:33,300
The tides are influenced
by the moon and the sun,

1538
01:26:33,300 --> 01:26:35,970
pulling on the oceans, which makes a wave

1539
01:26:35,970 --> 01:26:38,130
which races around the Earth.

1540
01:26:38,130 --> 01:26:41,160
About every 12 hours you get a high tide.

1541
01:26:41,160 --> 01:26:44,550
Right now, our tides
stop when they hit land.

1542
01:26:44,550 --> 01:26:47,160
What researchers discovered
in computer models

1543
01:26:47,160 --> 01:26:49,620
was that if you submerge the continents,

1544
01:26:49,620 --> 01:26:52,800
the wave can build up
higher and higher each time

1545
01:26:52,800 --> 01:26:54,450
it goes around the planet.

1546
01:26:54,450 --> 01:26:57,210
And so we would see two
things during the onset

1547
01:26:57,210 --> 01:26:58,500
of the flood.

1548
01:26:58,500 --> 01:27:01,230
You would have tidal waves every 12 hours,

1549
01:27:01,230 --> 01:27:04,290
but each tidal wave would
be higher than the last

1550
01:27:04,290 --> 01:27:06,540
because the floodwaters were rising.

1551
01:27:06,540 --> 01:27:09,780
When the flood started,
the first tidal wave

1552
01:27:09,780 --> 01:27:12,930
would bring in and lay
down a layer of sediments

1553
01:27:12,930 --> 01:27:15,000
because the sea floor was rising,

1554
01:27:15,000 --> 01:27:18,480
the next tidal wave would
come in higher than the last,

1555
01:27:18,480 --> 01:27:22,170
laying down another layer of
sediment on top of the first.

1556
01:27:22,170 --> 01:27:25,260
The next tidal wave would
come in higher again,

1557
01:27:25,260 --> 01:27:27,840
laying down another layer of sediment.

1558
01:27:27,840 --> 01:27:31,140
This happened over and over, and again,

1559
01:27:31,140 --> 01:27:33,780
until all the ground was covered in water,

1560
01:27:33,780 --> 01:27:36,900
with nothing stopping the
onslaught of the tidal waves.

1561
01:27:36,900 --> 01:27:40,830
During low tide, dinosaurs
and people would walk around

1562
01:27:40,830 --> 01:27:43,200
on the freshly laid tidal flats,

1563
01:27:43,200 --> 01:27:46,290
making footprints in the
mud that would later harden

1564
01:27:46,290 --> 01:27:48,120
into fossil footprints.

1565
01:27:48,120 --> 01:27:50,910
And so, if a worldwide flood happened,

1566
01:27:50,910 --> 01:27:54,210
we would see rock layers
laid down all over the world,

1567
01:27:54,210 --> 01:27:58,053
which is exactly what we see,
and is precisely the evidence

1568
01:27:58,053 --> 01:28:02,010
that Lyell and others tried to
explain away with deep time.

1569
01:28:02,010 --> 01:28:04,470
But could Lyell's mantra be correct?

1570
01:28:04,470 --> 01:28:06,630
Is the present the key to the past,

1571
01:28:06,630 --> 01:28:09,330
or is the Bible the key to the past?

1572
01:28:09,330 --> 01:28:10,710
But just as significant

1573
01:28:10,710 --> 01:28:13,170
as the flood encroaching upon the land,

1574
01:28:13,170 --> 01:28:15,840
is the water leaving the land.

1575
01:28:15,840 --> 01:28:18,750
The water leaving the land
is what would have done

1576
01:28:18,750 --> 01:28:22,020
such dramatic sculpting of the landscape.

1577
01:28:22,020 --> 01:28:25,680
In fact, several of our mysteries
are solved quite simply.

1578
01:28:25,680 --> 01:28:28,770
Coriolis forces are what cause hurricanes

1579
01:28:28,770 --> 01:28:32,610
to rotate counterclockwise
in the northern hemisphere,

1580
01:28:32,610 --> 01:28:36,000
and clockwise in the southern hemisphere.

1581
01:28:36,000 --> 01:28:39,030
It's caused by the rotation of the Earth.

1582
01:28:39,030 --> 01:28:42,300
Presently, we have such
currents in our oceans,

1583
01:28:42,300 --> 01:28:45,120
but these are restricted
by the continents.

1584
01:28:45,120 --> 01:28:47,250
When the continents are submerged,

1585
01:28:47,250 --> 01:28:49,200
massive currents are unleashed,

1586
01:28:49,200 --> 01:28:52,290
free from the constraints of land masses.

1587
01:28:52,290 --> 01:28:55,320
Computer models have
revealed that these vortices

1588
01:28:55,320 --> 01:28:59,040
can reach speeds of 40
to 80 metres per second,

1589
01:28:59,040 --> 01:29:03,960
which is equivalent to 140
to 280 kilometres per hour,

1590
01:29:03,960 --> 01:29:07,770
or 90 to 180 miles per hour.

1591
01:29:07,770 --> 01:29:11,220
- Water moving at velocities
well below those numbers

1592
01:29:11,220 --> 01:29:14,970
produces what engineers call cavitation.

1593
01:29:14,970 --> 01:29:17,010
The water is moving really fast,

1594
01:29:17,010 --> 01:29:19,020
and so when it goes over a bump,

1595
01:29:19,020 --> 01:29:21,690
it cannot make the tight corner.

1596
01:29:21,690 --> 01:29:25,350
What happens is it produces
a perfect vacuum bubble,

1597
01:29:25,350 --> 01:29:28,920
which sucks the water down into place.

1598
01:29:28,920 --> 01:29:30,600
The water is quite heavy

1599
01:29:30,600 --> 01:29:33,810
and acts as an incredibly powerful hammer.

1600
01:29:33,810 --> 01:29:37,290
Cavitation can literally pulverise steel,

1601
01:29:37,290 --> 01:29:41,070
and that's why cavitation is
so carefully taken into account

1602
01:29:41,070 --> 01:29:43,890
when designing propellers on ships.

1603
01:29:43,890 --> 01:29:47,100
- [Narrator] Imagine a flood
of biblical proportions,

1604
01:29:47,100 --> 01:29:50,490
a deluge so powerful
it reshapes the earth.

1605
01:29:50,490 --> 01:29:54,600
Amid this chaos, a hidden
force sculpted the bedrock.

1606
01:29:54,600 --> 01:29:59,600
Cavitation, a process where
water's fury turns explosive.

1607
01:29:59,610 --> 01:30:02,580
Cavitation occurs when water flows so fast

1608
01:30:02,580 --> 01:30:05,160
that local pressure drops
below the vapour pressure

1609
01:30:05,160 --> 01:30:09,690
of dissolved air, forming
bubbles of vapour and gas.

1610
01:30:09,690 --> 01:30:12,720
In the extreme conditions
of a cataclysmic flood,

1611
01:30:12,720 --> 01:30:16,560
with water rushing through
steep, constricted channels,

1612
01:30:16,560 --> 01:30:20,640
these bubbles form in the
cores of powerful vortices,

1613
01:30:20,640 --> 01:30:25,080
swirling eddies shed from
obstacles in the flow.

1614
01:30:25,080 --> 01:30:28,260
As these bubbles are swept
into higher pressure zones,

1615
01:30:28,260 --> 01:30:31,380
they collapse with devastating force.

1616
01:30:31,380 --> 01:30:34,500
Each collapse is like
a miniature explosion,

1617
01:30:34,500 --> 01:30:39,150
capable of pitting and fracturing
even the toughest bedrock.

1618
01:30:39,150 --> 01:30:41,430
In a flood of Noah's scale,

1619
01:30:41,430 --> 01:30:45,090
with velocities far exceeding
those of modern rivers,

1620
01:30:45,090 --> 01:30:49,320
cavitation would have been
widespread and relentless.

1621
01:30:49,320 --> 01:30:51,780
A global scale flood suddenly becomes

1622
01:30:51,780 --> 01:30:54,990
the only feasible explanation
for entire mountain chains

1623
01:30:54,990 --> 01:30:57,180
having their tops shaved off flat.

1624
01:30:57,180 --> 01:31:00,240
It was a gigantic sheet
flow of water moving

1625
01:31:00,240 --> 01:31:01,950
at incredible velocity

1626
01:31:01,950 --> 01:31:05,580
as the floodwaters of
Noah's flood left the land.

1627
01:31:05,580 --> 01:31:09,600
We all watched in horror the
incredible destructive power

1628
01:31:09,600 --> 01:31:13,620
of the tsunamis that hit Indonesia in 2004

1629
01:31:13,620 --> 01:31:16,890
and Japan in 2011.

1630
01:31:16,890 --> 01:31:21,120
Yet these walls of water were
moving at very slow speeds,

1631
01:31:21,120 --> 01:31:24,420
a mere 20 to 30 kilometres per hour.

1632
01:31:24,420 --> 01:31:26,760
- But do you remember
that mystery of the rocks

1633
01:31:26,760 --> 01:31:28,803
with the strange circular marks on them?

1634
01:31:29,910 --> 01:31:32,190
Well, those circular marks are caused

1635
01:31:32,190 --> 01:31:34,803
by the rocks hammering against each other.

1636
01:31:38,220 --> 01:31:43,220
In the West, this wall of water
picked up boulders in Idaho

1637
01:31:43,320 --> 01:31:45,690
and transported the
rocks at highway speeds

1638
01:31:45,690 --> 01:31:48,540
to Alberta, Canada,
pounding the rocks together

1639
01:31:48,540 --> 01:31:52,380
until the water finally slowed
enough to drop the rocks,

1640
01:31:52,380 --> 01:31:56,463
producing a mountain 3,500 feet
above what is now sea level.

1641
01:31:57,330 --> 01:32:00,963
These rocks are really heavy.

1642
01:32:02,400 --> 01:32:04,950
The calculations are
pretty straightforward.

1643
01:32:04,950 --> 01:32:06,990
For water to pick up these rocks,

1644
01:32:06,990 --> 01:32:08,850
it would have to be flowing at a minimum

1645
01:32:08,850 --> 01:32:11,700
of interstate highway speeds,

1646
01:32:11,700 --> 01:32:16,700
some 110 kilometres an hour
or 70 miles per hour minimum.

1647
01:32:18,630 --> 01:32:22,230
The mystery is solved
by one simple solution,

1648
01:32:22,230 --> 01:32:23,850
a global flood.

1649
01:32:23,850 --> 01:32:25,950
- [Narrator] There are
no present-day examples

1650
01:32:25,950 --> 01:32:29,310
of water flows picking up
boulders, hammering them

1651
01:32:29,310 --> 01:32:30,510
against each other

1652
01:32:30,510 --> 01:32:33,990
and dropping off the rounded
rocks 800 kilometres away

1653
01:32:33,990 --> 01:32:35,550
from their source.

1654
01:32:35,550 --> 01:32:39,780
The present can not be
the key to the past,

1655
01:32:39,780 --> 01:32:44,670
but a worldwide flood would
certainly explain this mystery.

1656
01:32:44,670 --> 01:32:48,090
The continents submerged
causing the global floodwaters

1657
01:32:48,090 --> 01:32:50,730
to achieve incredible speeds in vortices,

1658
01:32:50,730 --> 01:32:52,890
ripping up solid rock in Idaho

1659
01:32:52,890 --> 01:32:56,370
and forming plain top
mountains with them in Alberta,

1660
01:32:56,370 --> 01:32:58,980
Saskatchewan and Montana.

1661
01:32:58,980 --> 01:33:02,370
The Bible is the key to the past.

1662
01:33:02,370 --> 01:33:05,340
The mystery of the hundreds of water gaps

1663
01:33:05,340 --> 01:33:08,370
and wind gaps found all over the globe

1664
01:33:08,370 --> 01:33:12,720
is also suddenly explained
with one simple assumption,

1665
01:33:12,720 --> 01:33:16,830
a historic, world-wide flood.

1666
01:33:16,830 --> 01:33:20,070
The reason water gaps are a
mystery at present is simply

1667
01:33:20,070 --> 01:33:22,410
because of the philosophical assumption

1668
01:33:22,410 --> 01:33:25,590
that there has been no world-wide flood,

1669
01:33:25,590 --> 01:33:27,990
and thus, you are forced into the corner

1670
01:33:27,990 --> 01:33:31,920
of having to explain how on
earth water defied gravity

1671
01:33:31,920 --> 01:33:33,963
in order to start cutting a canyon.

1672
01:33:34,980 --> 01:33:38,250
If the water is starting
above the mountaintops,

1673
01:33:38,250 --> 01:33:40,620
then water gaps make complete sense

1674
01:33:40,620 --> 01:33:44,490
as the water was just
simply moving and thus,

1675
01:33:44,490 --> 01:33:48,840
cut through any mountains
that rose up in its path.

1676
01:33:48,840 --> 01:33:52,530
There are no present-day
processes cutting water gaps

1677
01:33:52,530 --> 01:33:55,110
and wind gaps through mountains.

1678
01:33:55,110 --> 01:33:58,140
The present cannot be the key to the past.

1679
01:33:58,140 --> 01:34:02,460
The Bible is the key to the past.

1680
01:34:02,460 --> 01:34:06,810
The Indonesian tsunami
measured some 30 feet high

1681
01:34:06,810 --> 01:34:10,740
and the water was perhaps
travelling at bicycling speeds.

1682
01:34:10,740 --> 01:34:11,730
Eight countries

1683
01:34:11,730 --> 01:34:15,000
as much as 6,000 kilometres
apart from each other

1684
01:34:15,000 --> 01:34:19,590
had an estimated 275,000
killed by the waves.

1685
01:34:19,590 --> 01:34:22,620
Yet flattened mountain
tops all over the world

1686
01:34:22,620 --> 01:34:25,830
indicate walls of water
moving at highway speeds

1687
01:34:25,830 --> 01:34:28,920
thousands of feet above sea level.

1688
01:34:28,920 --> 01:34:31,680
There are no present-day
processes producing

1689
01:34:31,680 --> 01:34:34,470
such features, and if
we saw such an event,

1690
01:34:34,470 --> 01:34:36,450
we would certainly not call it a slow

1691
01:34:36,450 --> 01:34:40,080
and gradual geological process.

1692
01:34:40,080 --> 01:34:42,690
We would call it a catastrophe.

1693
01:34:42,690 --> 01:34:46,170
The present cannot be the key to the past.

1694
01:34:46,170 --> 01:34:49,920
The Bible, with its history
of the worldwide flood,

1695
01:34:49,920 --> 01:34:52,770
holds the key to the past.

1696
01:34:52,770 --> 01:34:54,270
- The Morrison Formation,

1697
01:34:54,270 --> 01:34:57,000
a layer of rock famous
for its many dinosaurs

1698
01:34:57,000 --> 01:35:00,360
and clearly laid down by
a flood covers 10 states

1699
01:35:00,360 --> 01:35:02,520
and three Canadian provinces,

1700
01:35:02,520 --> 01:35:07,467
we do not have any present-day
processes producing massive,

1701
01:35:07,467 --> 01:35:11,193
provincially-sized layers
of sediments like this.

1702
01:35:12,060 --> 01:35:15,360
And if we did, we would
call it a catastrophe,

1703
01:35:15,360 --> 01:35:19,410
and not a slow and
gradual geologic process.

1704
01:35:19,410 --> 01:35:23,220
The present cannot be the key to the past.

1705
01:35:23,220 --> 01:35:26,070
But the Bible does contain
the key to the past,

1706
01:35:26,070 --> 01:35:29,523
the historical record of a global flood.

1707
01:35:30,420 --> 01:35:33,213
It all makes sense with a global flood.

1708
01:35:34,140 --> 01:35:38,400
The flood of Noah left a changed world.

1709
01:35:38,400 --> 01:35:42,330
Anti-theists like Lyell
and Darwin sought to change

1710
01:35:42,330 --> 01:35:46,050
the history of the world,
replacing the genuine history

1711
01:35:46,050 --> 01:35:49,323
of a worldwide flood with deep time.

1712
01:35:50,340 --> 01:35:52,950
While God alone can judge
their motives, it would appear

1713
01:35:52,950 --> 01:35:55,380
that they were trying to rid their lives

1714
01:35:55,380 --> 01:35:59,193
and the world of the
history of God's judgement .

1715
01:36:00,180 --> 01:36:05,180
The evidence of the Noah
flood is profound, worldwide,

1716
01:36:05,550 --> 01:36:06,543
and overwhelming.

1717
01:36:07,950 --> 01:36:11,190
So what would provoke people
to so cunningly devise

1718
01:36:11,190 --> 01:36:14,283
a scheme to rid the
world of the Great Flood?

1719
01:36:15,480 --> 01:36:18,300
Could it be because the
evidence of God's judgement

1720
01:36:18,300 --> 01:36:22,503
was literally all around
them, all over the world?

1721
01:36:23,460 --> 01:36:27,030
Could it be the allusions between
the judgement of the flood

1722
01:36:27,030 --> 01:36:29,790
and the great judgement to come,

1723
01:36:29,790 --> 01:36:32,550
as well as the allusions
between the ark of Noah

1724
01:36:32,550 --> 01:36:35,703
and Jesus Christ, were too offensive?

1725
01:36:36,690 --> 01:36:38,730
Could it be that subconsciously,

1726
01:36:38,730 --> 01:36:41,490
they were attempting to
escape the future judgement

1727
01:36:41,490 --> 01:36:43,440
that Christ warned about?

1728
01:36:43,440 --> 01:36:47,073
A judgement He even compared
to the flood of Noah?

1729
01:36:48,270 --> 01:36:50,940
Were they trying to evade the ultimatum

1730
01:36:50,940 --> 01:36:52,620
that Christ gave,

1731
01:36:52,620 --> 01:36:56,940
behaving much like the
people did before the flood.

1732
01:36:56,940 --> 01:36:59,910
Mocking, and desperately trying to ignore

1733
01:36:59,910 --> 01:37:02,820
the pending judgement , perhaps in hopes

1734
01:37:02,820 --> 01:37:06,783
it will just go away or
not come in their lifetime.

1735
01:37:08,160 --> 01:37:12,000
The problem with that, is
that the door finally closed

1736
01:37:12,000 --> 01:37:14,313
on those who did not board the ark.

1737
01:37:15,180 --> 01:37:18,093
What side of that door would you be on?

1738
01:37:19,200 --> 01:37:21,780
What side of that door will you be on

1739
01:37:21,780 --> 01:37:23,947
at the next great judgement ?

1740
01:37:23,947 --> 01:37:28,947
♪ I pray for you ♪

1741
01:37:33,477 --> 01:37:38,477
♪ I pray for you ♪

1742
01:37:43,151 --> 01:37:48,151
♪ See my tears ♪

1743
01:37:51,495 --> 01:37:56,495
♪ Can you see me? ♪

1744
01:37:56,988 --> 01:38:00,689
♪ Can you see me? ♪

1745
01:38:00,689 --> 01:38:02,606
♪ Love ♪

1746
01:38:17,120 --> 01:38:19,870
(dramatic music)

1747
01:39:40,289 --> 01:39:43,622
(dramatic music fading)

1748
01:39:47,192 --> 01:39:52,192
♪ I pray for you ♪

1749
01:39:56,755 --> 01:39:59,505
♪ I pray for you ♪

1750
01:40:11,671 --> 01:40:14,421
(dramatic music)

1751
01:40:20,037 --> 01:40:24,827
♪ From the mountains to the ocean wide ♪

1752
01:40:24,827 --> 01:40:29,827
♪ The waters rose cold
through endless night ♪

1753
01:40:29,924 --> 01:40:33,362
♪ All of life held in silence ♪

1754
01:40:33,362 --> 01:40:38,362
♪ Where did the devil
return before to share? ♪

1755
01:40:40,131 --> 01:40:44,130
♪ Now the sky has to meet the rainbow ♪

1756
01:40:44,130 --> 01:40:48,968
♪ Shines bright as an angel's eyes ♪

1757
01:40:48,968 --> 01:40:52,315
♪ Arms of mercy always now ♪

1758
01:40:52,315 --> 01:40:57,315
♪ 'Cause love endures
this long we're lost ♪

1759
01:40:57,893 --> 01:41:02,893
♪ Morning light spills on emerald fields ♪

1760
01:41:02,976 --> 01:41:07,976
♪ New bring life, awakens and heals ♪

1761
01:41:08,109 --> 01:41:12,341
♪ Every heart finds strength to forgive ♪

1762
01:41:12,341 --> 01:41:17,341
♪ All again we'll unclog your lips ♪

1763
01:41:18,851 --> 01:41:20,684
♪ Ooh ♪

1764
01:41:23,933 --> 01:41:27,183
(dramatic choir music)

1765
01:41:37,489 --> 01:41:40,822
(dramatic music fading)